वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-51, verse-31

अवश्यं तु हितं वाच्यं सर्वावस्थं मया तव ।
बन्धुभावादभिहितं भ्रातृस्नेहाच्च पार्थिव ॥३१॥

31. avaśyaṃ tu hitaṃ vācyaṃ sarvāvasthaṃ mayā tava ,
bandhubhāvādabhihitaṃ bhrātṛsnehācca pārthiva.

31. avaśyam tu hitam vācyam sarvāvastham mayā tava
bandhubhāvāt abhihitam bhrātṛsnehāt ca pārthiva

31. pārthiva,
tu avaśyam sarvāvastham hitam mayā tava bandhubhāvāt ca bhrātṛsnehāt abhihitam vācyam

31. O King, what is beneficial must certainly be spoken by me to you in all circumstances, motivated by the sentiment of kinship and brotherly affection.

Words meanings summery:

• अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, inevitably

• तु (tu) - but, yet, indeed, on the other hand

• हितम् (hitam) - Refers to advice or words spoken for someone's welfare. (beneficial, salutary, welfare, good)

• वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be spoken, to be said, ought to be declared

• सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - in all conditions, in every state, always

• मया (mayā) - Refers to Kumbhakarna as the speaker. (by me)

• तव (tava) - Refers to Ravana. (to you, your)

• बन्धुभावात् (bandhubhāvāt) - from the sentiment of kinship, out of fraternal feeling

• अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - spoken, said, stated

• भ्रातृस्नेहात् (bhrātṛsnehāt) - from brotherly affection

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressed to Ravana. (O king, O ruler (literally "earth-born"))

Words meanings and morphology

अवश्यम् (avaśyam) - certainly, necessarily, inevitably

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of avaśya (necessary).

तु (tu) - but, yet, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

हितम् (hitam) - Refers to advice or words spoken for someone's welfare. (beneficial, salutary, welfare, good)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hita

hita - beneficial, salutary, good, welfare (as noun), placed, fit

Past Passive Participle

From root √dhā (धा), with prefix hi- (derived from *dhita, related to √dhā 'to place', but often used with sense 'beneficial').

Root: √dhā (class 3)

Note: Subject of the passive gerundive 'vācyam'.

वाच्यम् (vācyam) - to be spoken, to be said, ought to be declared

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vācya

vācya - to be spoken, to be said, to be declared, to be mentioned

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Derived from root √vac (वच्) with suffix -ya.

Root: √vac (class 2)

सर्वावस्थम् (sarvāvastham) - in all conditions, in every state, always

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarvāvastha

sarvāvastha - in all conditions, in every state, existing in all states

Compound of sarva (all) and avasthā (state, condition).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+avasthā)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (masculine)
• avasthā – state, condition, situation
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √sthā (स्था) with prefix ava-.
  Prefix: ava
  Root: √sthā (class 1)

मया (mayā) - Refers to Kumbhakarna as the speaker. (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Agent of the passive construction 'vācyam'.

तव (tava) - Refers to Ravana. (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here functioning as dative, meaning 'to you'.

बन्धुभावात् (bandhubhāvāt) - from the sentiment of kinship, out of fraternal feeling

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bandhubhāva

bandhubhāva - sentiment of kinship, fraternal feeling, relationship of a kinsman

Compound of bandhu (kinsman, relative) and bhāva (state, condition, sentiment).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bandhu+bhāva)

• bandhu – kinsman, relative, friend
  noun (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, sentiment, existence, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhū (भू).
  Root: √bhū (class 1)

अभिहितम् (abhihitam) - spoken, said, stated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhihita

abhihita - spoken, said, stated, addressed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dhā (धा) with upasarga abhi- (अभि-), (as the participle of √dhā has forms like hita, i.e., abhihita from abhi-dhā, "to speak").

Prefix: abhi

Root: √dhā (class 3)

भ्रातृस्नेहात् (bhrātṛsnehāt) - from brotherly affection

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛsneha

bhrātṛsneha - brotherly affection, love for a brother

Compound of bhrātṛ (brother) and sneha (affection, love).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhrātṛ+sneha)

• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)
• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oil
  noun (masculine)
  From root √snih (स्निह्).
  Root: √snih (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - Addressed to Ravana. (O king, O ruler (literally "earth-born"))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, prince (literally 'belonging to the earth', 'earth-born')

Derived from pṛthivī (earth).