वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-51, verse-20

यो हि शत्रुमवज्ञाय नात्मानमभिरक्षति ।
अवाप्नोति हि सो ऽनर्थान् स्थानाच्च व्यवरोप्यते ॥२०॥

20. yo hi śatrumavajñāya nātmānamabhirakṣati ,
avāpnoti hi so'narthān sthānācca vyavaropyate.

20. yaḥ hi śatrum avajñāya na ātmānam abhirakṣati
avāpnoti hi saḥ anarthān sthānāt ca vyavaropyate

20. Indeed, a person who disregards an enemy and fails to protect his own self (ātman) certainly incurs misfortunes and is dislodged from his position.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - He who (as the subject of the sentence) (who, which)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

• अवज्ञाय (avajñāya) - having disregarded, having despised

• न (na) - not

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, oneself, soul

• अभिरक्षति (abhirakṣati) - protects, guards

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, attains

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• अनर्थान् (anarthān) - misfortunes, calamities, evils

• स्थानात् (sthānāt) - from position, from place

• च (ca) - and

• व्यवरोप्यते (vyavaropyate) - is dislodged, is removed, is displaced

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - He who (as the subject of the sentence) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what, any

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

अवज्ञाय (avajñāya) - having disregarded, having despised

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from ava- + √jñā

Prefix: ava

Root: jñā (class 9)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - self, oneself, soul

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, mind

Root: an

अभिरक्षति (abhirakṣati) - protects, guards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of abhirakṣ

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

Formed from abhi- + √rakṣ (class 1)

Prefix: abhi

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - obtains, reaches, attains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avāp

Present active indicative, 3rd person singular

Formed from ava- + √āp (class 5)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly, for

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनर्थान् (anarthān) - misfortunes, calamities, evils

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, absurdity, uselessness

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a- + artha (not wealth/purpose, hence misfortune)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, gain
  noun (masculine)

स्थानात् (sthānāt) - from position, from place

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, state, dwelling

From √sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

व्यवरोप्यते (vyavaropyate) - is dislodged, is removed, is displaced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vyavarop

Present passive indicative, 3rd person singular

From vi- + ava- + √ruh (class 1) in causative, then passive

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: ruh (class 1)