वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-51, verse-17

विनाशयन्तो भर्तारं सहिताः शत्रुभिर्बुधैः ।
विपरीतानि कृत्यानि कारयन्तीह मन्त्रिणः ॥१७॥

17. vināśayanto bhartāraṃ sahitāḥ śatrubhirbudhaiḥ ,
viparītāni kṛtyāni kārayantīha mantriṇaḥ.

17. vināśayantaḥ bhartāram sahitāḥ śatrubhiḥ budhaiḥ
viparītāni kṛtyāni kārayanti iha mantriṇaḥ

17. mantriṇaḥ śatrubhiḥ budhaiḥ sahitāḥ bhartāram
vināśayantaḥ iha viparītāni kṛtyāni kārayanti

17. Ministers who, allied with astute enemies, are actively undermining their master, cause inappropriate actions to be carried out.

Words meanings summery:

• विनाशयन्तः (vināśayantaḥ) - actively undermining (destroying, causing to perish)

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - their master (the king) (master, lord, king, supporter)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, united with, allied

• शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

• बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by astute (enemies) (by wise ones, by intelligent ones, by clever ones)

• विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - contrary, opposite, inverted, inappropriate

• कृत्यानि (kṛtyāni) - actions, duties, tasks, what should be done

• कारयन्ति (kārayanti) - they cause to be done, they make perform, they order to be done

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter, in this case

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

Words meanings and morphology

विनाशयन्तः (vināśayantaḥ) - actively undermining (destroying, causing to perish)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vināśayat

vināśayat - destroying, causing to perish

Present Active Participle (causative)

From √naś (to perish) with prefix vi, causative -aya, and śatṛ suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Refers to 'mantriṇaḥ'.

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - their master (the king) (master, lord, king, supporter)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - master, lord, husband, supporter, maintainer

Agent noun

From √bhṛ (to bear, support) + tṛ

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of 'vināśayantaḥ'.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied by, united with, allied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, endowed with, united

Past Passive Participle

From √dhā (to place) with prefix sa (together) + kta

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'mantriṇaḥ'.

शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, rival, foe

Note: Used with 'sahitāḥ'.

बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by astute (enemies) (by wise ones, by intelligent ones, by clever ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha

budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage

From √budh (to know, perceive)

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śatrubhiḥ'.

विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - contrary, opposite, inverted, inappropriate

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of viparīta

viparīta - contrary, opposite, inverted, wrong, improper

Past Passive Participle

From √i (to go) with prefixes vi and pari + kta

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛtyāni'.

कृत्यानि (kṛtyāni) - actions, duties, tasks, what should be done

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kṛtya

kṛtya - action, deed, duty, what should be done, purpose

Gerundive

From √kṛ (to do) + ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'kārayanti'.

कारयन्ति (kārayanti) - they cause to be done, they make perform, they order to be done

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kāraya

Causative verb

From √kṛ (to do) + -aya (causative suffix)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Verb for 'mantriṇaḥ'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter, in this case

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - counselor, minister, advisor, one who possesses counsel

From mantra (counsel) + in (suffix indicating possession)

Note: Subject of 'kārayanti'.