वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-51, verse-16

अहितं च हिताकारं धार्ष्ट्याज्जल्पन्ति ये नराः ।
अवेक्ष्य मन्त्रबाह्यास्ते कर्तव्याः कृत्यदूषणाः ॥१६॥

16. ahitaṃ ca hitākāraṃ dhārṣṭyājjalpanti ye narāḥ ,
avekṣya mantrabāhyāste kartavyāḥ kṛtyadūṣaṇāḥ.

16. ahitam ca hitākāram dhārṣṭyāt jalpanti ye narāḥ
avekṣya mantrabāhyāḥ te kartavyāḥ kṛtyadūṣaṇāḥ

16. ye narāḥ dhārṣṭyāt ahitam ca hitākāram jalpanti,
te avekṣya mantrabāhyāḥ kṛtyadūṣaṇāḥ kartavyāḥ

16. Those individuals who, out of impudence, utter harmful advice disguised as beneficial, should be recognized and then excluded from deliberations, as they are obstructors of important tasks.

Words meanings summery:

• अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, disadvantageous, not beneficial

• च (ca) - and, also

• हिताकारम् (hitākāram) - appearing beneficial, having the form of benefit

• धार्ष्ट्यात् (dhārṣṭyāt) - from impudence, due to arrogance, insolently

• जल्पन्ति (jalpanti) - they utter (advice) (they chatter, they speak, they talk idly)

• ये (ye) - who, which

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, individuals

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having considered

• मन्त्रबाह्याः (mantrabāhyāḥ) - excluded from counsel, outside deliberation, unfit for council

• ते (te) - those, they

• कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - should be treated (as) (should be done, should be made, should be treated)

• कृत्यदूषणाः (kṛtyadūṣaṇāḥ) - obstructors of work, destroyers of action, spoilers of tasks

Words meanings and morphology

अहितम् (ahitam) - harmful, disadvantageous, not beneficial

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahita

ahita - harmful, disadvantageous, hostile, inimical

Compound of a (negation) and hita (beneficial)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+hita)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• hita – beneficial, good, suitable, friendly
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put) + kta
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with an implied object like 'vākyam' (statement) or 'karma' (action).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

हिताकारम् (hitākāram) - appearing beneficial, having the form of benefit

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hitākāra

hitākāra - appearing beneficial, having a beneficial form or appearance

Compound of hita (beneficial) and ākāra (form, appearance)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa or karmadhāraya (hita+ākāra)

• hita – beneficial, good, suitable, friendly
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dhā (to place, put) + kta
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ākāra – form, appearance, shape, gesture
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with an implied object like 'vākyam' (statement) or 'karma' (action).

धार्ष्ट्यात् (dhārṣṭyāt) - from impudence, due to arrogance, insolently

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhārṣṭya

dhārṣṭya - impudence, arrogance, boldness, insolence

From dhṛṣṭa (bold) + ya (suffix for abstract noun)

Note: Indicates cause or reason.

जल्पन्ति (jalpanti) - they utter (advice) (they chatter, they speak, they talk idly)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of jalp

Root: jalp (class 1)

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'narāḥ'.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, individuals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having seen, having observed, having considered

(indeclinable)

absolutive

From √īkṣ (to see) with prefix ava + lyap

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मन्त्रबाह्याः (mantrabāhyāḥ) - excluded from counsel, outside deliberation, unfit for council

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mantrabāhya

mantrabāhya - excluded from counsel, outside deliberation, unfit for council

Compound of mantra (counsel) and bāhya (outer, excluded)

Compound type : pañcamī-tatpuruṣa or ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mantra+bāhya)

• mantra – counsel, advice, sacred text, incantation
  noun (masculine)
  From √man (to think) + tra
  Root: man (class 4)
• bāhya – outer, external, excluded, to be excluded
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From bahis (outside) + ya

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'ye narāḥ'.

कर्तव्याः (kartavyāḥ) - should be treated (as) (should be done, should be made, should be treated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, to be made, proper to be done, duty

Gerundive

From √kṛ (to do) + tavya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'te'.

कृत्यदूषणाः (kṛtyadūṣaṇāḥ) - obstructors of work, destroyers of action, spoilers of tasks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtyadūṣaṇa

kṛtyadūṣaṇa - destroyer of work/duty, spoiler of tasks

Compound of kṛtya (duty, work) and dūṣaṇa (spoiler, defiler)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kṛtya+dūṣaṇa)

• kṛtya – duty, action, work, what should be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From √kṛ (to do) + ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dūṣaṇa – spoiling, corrupting, defiling, fault, blemish, detractor
  noun (neuter)
  From √dūṣ (to spoil, corrupt) + ana
  Root: dūṣ (class 4)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'kartavyāḥ'.