वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-51, verse-19

चपलस्येह कृत्यानि सहसानुप्रधावतः ।
छिद्रमन्ये प्रपद्यन्ते क्रौञ्चस्य खमिव द्विजाः ॥१९॥

19. capalasyeha kṛtyāni sahasānupradhāvataḥ ,
chidramanye prapadyante krauñcasya khamiva dvijāḥ.

19. capalasya iha kṛtyāni sahasā anupradhāvataḥ
chidram anye prapadyante krauñcasya kham iva dvijāḥ

19. iha sahasā kṛtyāni anupradhāvataḥ capalasya
chidram anye dvijāḥ krauñcasya kham iva prapadyante

19. Others exploit the vulnerabilities of a reckless person who impetuously rushes into actions, just as birds enter the fissure of the Krauñca mountain.

Words meanings summery:

• चपलस्य (capalasya) - of a reckless person (of the fickle, of the impulsive, of the unsteady)

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

• कृत्यानि (kṛtyāni) - actions, tasks, duties

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, impetuously, hastily, forcibly

• अनुप्रधावतः (anupradhāvataḥ) - of one who impetuously rushes (into actions) (of him who runs after, of him who pursues, of him who rushes after)

• छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerabilities (hole, opening, weak point, fault, defect, flaw)

• अन्ये (anye) - others, other people

• प्रपद्यन्ते (prapadyante) - they exploit (literally 'they seize') (they approach, they obtain, they enter, they seize, they resort to)

• क्रौञ्चस्य (krauñcasya) - of the Krauñca mountain (of the Krauñca (bird/mountain))

• खम् (kham) - fissure, opening (hole, opening, space, sky, void)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - birds (birds, twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

Words meanings and morphology

चपलस्य (capalasya) - of a reckless person (of the fickle, of the impulsive, of the unsteady)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of capala

capala - fickle, unsteady, quick, swift, impulsive, restless

Note: Qualifies 'anupradhāvataḥ'.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this matter

(indeclinable)

कृत्यानि (kṛtyāni) - actions, tasks, duties

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kṛtya

kṛtya - action, deed, duty, what should be done, purpose

Gerundive

From √kṛ (to do) + ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'anupradhāvataḥ'.

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, impetuously, hastily, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Instrumental case of sahas (force, power) used adverbially

Note: Modifies 'anupradhāvataḥ'.

अनुप्रधावतः (anupradhāvataḥ) - of one who impetuously rushes (into actions) (of him who runs after, of him who pursues, of him who rushes after)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of anupradhāvat

anupradhāvat - running after, pursuing, rushing after

Present Active Participle

From √dhāv (to run) with prefixes anu and pra + śatṛ suffix

Prefixes: anu+pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Qualifies an implied 'narasya' (of a person).

छिद्रम् (chidram) - vulnerabilities (hole, opening, weak point, fault, defect, flaw)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chidra

chidra - hole, opening, gap, weak point, fault, defect, flaw

From √chid (to cut, cleave)

Root: chid (class 7)

Note: Object of 'prapadyante'.

अन्ये (anye) - others, other people

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Indefinite pronoun

Note: Subject of 'prapadyante'.

प्रपद्यन्ते (prapadyante) - they exploit (literally 'they seize') (they approach, they obtain, they enter, they seize, they resort to)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of prapad

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

क्रौञ्चस्य (krauñcasya) - of the Krauñca mountain (of the Krauñca (bird/mountain))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of krauñca

krauñca - a kind of heron, a mythical mountain (Krauñcācala), name of a demon

Note: Refers to the Krauñca mountain.

खम् (kham) - fissure, opening (hole, opening, space, sky, void)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - space, ether, sky, air, zero, hole, opening, cavity

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - birds (birds, twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth

Compound of dvi (two) and ja (born)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of the simile.