वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-43

तमुग्रवेगं संरब्धमापतन्तं महाकपिः ।
ततः संप्रेक्ष्य जग्राह महावेगो महाशिलाम् ॥४३॥

43. tamugravegaṃ saṃrabdhamāpatantaṃ mahākapiḥ ,
tataḥ saṃprekṣya jagrāha mahāvego mahāśilām.

43. tam ugravegam saṃrabdham āpatantam mahākapiḥ
tataḥ samprekṣya jagrāha mahāvegaḥ mahāśilām

43. tataḥ mahāvegaḥ mahākapiḥ tam ugravegam saṃrabdham āpatantam samprekṣya mahāśilām jagrāha.

43. Then, the great ape (Nīla), who was swift and mighty, observing Prahasta rushing towards him fiercely and furiously, grasped a huge stone.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Prahasta) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• उग्रवेगम् (ugravegam) - rushing with fierce speed (having fierce speed, fiercely rushing)

• संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - furious (enraged, furious, agitated)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - rushing towards (him) (falling upon, rushing at, approaching)

• महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great ape (Nīla) (the great ape)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - observing (having seen, having observed)

• जग्राह (jagrāha) - grasped (he seized, he grasped)

• महावेगः (mahāvegaḥ) - who was swift and mighty (of great speed, very swift)

• महाशिलाम् (mahāśilām) - a huge stone (a great rock, a huge stone)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Prahasta) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of samprekṣya.

उग्रवेगम् (ugravegam) - rushing with fierce speed (having fierce speed, fiercely rushing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugravega

ugravega - having fierce speed/impetus

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+vega)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, impetuosity, force
  noun (masculine)
  From root vij (to move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Modifies Prahasta.

संरब्धम् (saṁrabdham) - furious (enraged, furious, agitated)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, furious, agitated, excited

Past Passive Participle

From root rabh (to seize) with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - rushing towards (him) (falling upon, rushing at, approaching)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - rushing, falling upon, approaching

Present Active Participle

From root pat (to fall) with prefix ā- and suffix -at

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great ape (Nīla) (the great ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey, a powerful ape

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+kapi)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahant
• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence (along with mahāvegaḥ).

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Derivative from tad (that)

सम्प्रेक्ष्य (samprekṣya) - observing (having seen, having observed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root īkṣ (to see) with prefixes sam- and pra- and suffix -ya

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

जग्राह (jagrāha) - grasped (he seized, he grasped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of grah

Perfect (Lit)

Third person singular, Perfect active, from root grah

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Main verb.

महावेगः (mahāvegaḥ) - who was swift and mighty (of great speed, very swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvega

mahāvega - of great speed/impetus, very swift

Bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vega)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahant
• vega – speed, impetuosity, force
  noun (masculine)
  From root vij (to move quickly)
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Qualifies mahākapiḥ.

महाशिलाम् (mahāśilām) - a huge stone (a great rock, a huge stone)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahāśilā

mahāśilā - a great rock

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+śilā)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine stem of mahant
• śilā – stone, rock
  noun (feminine)