वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-40

आजघान तदा नीलं ललाटे मुसलेन सः ।
प्रहस्तः परमायस्तस्तस्य सुस्राव शोणितम् ॥४०॥

40. ājaghāna tadā nīlaṃ lalāṭe musalena saḥ ,
prahastaḥ paramāyastastasya susrāva śoṇitam.

40. ājaghāna tadā nīlam lalāṭe musalena saḥ
prahastaḥ paramāyastaḥ tasya susrāva śoṇitam

40. Then, Prahasta, greatly agitated, struck Nīla on the forehead with a mace, and his (Nīla's) blood flowed profusely.

Words meanings summery:

• आजघान (ājaghāna) - he struck, he hit

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla, a Vanara (monkey) chief in the Rāmāyaṇa. (Nīla (name of a character))

• ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on the forehead

• मुसलेन (musalena) - with a mace, with a club

• सः (saḥ) - He, referring to Prahasta (he)

• प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta, a Rakṣasa general in Rāvaṇa's army. (Prahasta (name of a character))

• परमायस्तः (paramāyastaḥ) - greatly exhausted, much agitated

• तस्य (tasya) - His, referring to Nīla. (his, of him)

• सुस्राव (susrāva) - flowed out, gushed forth

• शोणितम् (śoṇitam) - blood

Words meanings and morphology

आजघान (ājaghāna) - he struck, he hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ājaghāna

Perfect Tense (Liṭ Lakāra)

Root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ā. ājaghāna is the 3rd singular active form.

Prefix: ā

Root: han (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

नीलम् (nīlam) - Nīla, a Vanara (monkey) chief in the Rāmāyaṇa. (Nīla (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nīla

nīla - blue, dark blue; Name of a Vanara chief

ललाटे (lalāṭe) - on the forehead

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of lalāṭa

lalāṭa - forehead

मुसलेन (musalena) - with a mace, with a club

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of musala

musala - mace, club, pestle

सः (saḥ) - He, referring to Prahasta (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta, a Rakṣasa general in Rāvaṇa's army. (Prahasta (name of a character))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (a proper name, often a general of Rāvaṇa)

परमायस्तः (paramāyastaḥ) - greatly exhausted, much agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paramāyasta

paramāyasta - greatly distressed, very exhausted, much troubled

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+āyasta)

• parama – supreme, highest, greatest
  adjective
• āyasta – exhausted, distressed, wearied
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yas (to strive, be weary) with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yas (class 4)

तस्य (tasya) - His, referring to Nīla. (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सुस्राव (susrāva) - flowed out, gushed forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of susrāva

Perfect Tense (Liṭ Lakāra)

Root sru (to flow) with prefix su. susrāva is the 3rd singular active form.

Prefix: su

Root: sru (class 1)

शोणितम् (śoṇitam) - blood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śoṇita

śoṇita - blood; red