वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-36

विधनुस्तु कृतस्तेन प्रहस्तो वाहिनीपतिः ।
प्रगृह्य मुसलं घोरं स्यन्दनादवपुप्लुवे ॥३६॥

36. vidhanustu kṛtastena prahasto vāhinīpatiḥ ,
pragṛhya musalaṃ ghoraṃ syandanādavapupluve.

36. vidhanuḥ tu kṛtaḥ tena prahastaḥ vāhiniipatiḥ
pragṛhya musalam ghoram syandanāt avapupluve

36. But Prahasta, the general, having been disarmed (made bowless) by Nīla, seized a terrible mace and jumped down from his chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• विधनुः (vidhanuḥ) - bowless, deprived of a bow

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, rendered

• तेन (tena) - by Nīla (by him)

• प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta

• वाहिनिइपतिः (vāhiniipatiḥ) - commander of the army, general

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, grasping

• मुसलम् (musalam) - club, mace

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, terrible

• स्यन्दनात् (syandanāt) - from the chariot

• अवपुप्लुवे (avapupluve) - jumped down

Words meanings and morphology

विधनुः (vidhanuḥ) - bowless, deprived of a bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhanus

vidhanus - without a bow

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+dhanus)

• vi – without, separation, distinct
  indeclinable
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Prahasta.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - made, done, rendered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for Prahasta.

तेन (tena) - by Nīla (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agent of `kṛtaḥ`.

प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (name of a Rākṣasa general)

Note: Subject.

वाहिनिइपतिः (vāhiniipatiḥ) - commander of the army, general

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhiniipati

vāhiniipati - chief of an army, general, commander

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, river
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to Prahasta.

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having seized, grasping

(indeclinable)

absolutiv (gerund)

Absolutive form of root √grah (to seize) with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

मुसलम् (musalam) - club, mace

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of musala

musala - club, mace, pestle

Note: Object of `pragṛhya`.

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful, terrible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful

Note: Qualifies `musalam`.

स्यन्दनात् (syandanāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of syandana

syandana - chariot, flowing

Note: Source of jumping.

अवपुप्लुवे (avapupluve) - jumped down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of √plu

Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular, middle voice of root √plu with prefix 'ava-'.

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)