वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-22

महता हि शरौघेण प्रहस्तो युद्धकोविदः ।
अर्दयामास संक्रुद्धो वानरान्परमाहवे ॥२२॥

22. mahatā hi śaraugheṇa prahasto yuddhakovidaḥ ,
ardayāmāsa saṃkruddho vānarānparamāhave.

22. mahatā hi śaraugheṇa prahastaḥ yuddhakovidaḥ
ardayāmāsa saṅkruddhaḥ vānarān paramāhave

22. hi yuddhakovidaḥ saṅkruddhaḥ prahastaḥ mahatā
śaraugheṇa paramāhave vānarān ardayāmāsa

22. Indeed, Prahasta, expert in warfare and greatly enraged, tormented the monkeys with a mighty shower of arrows in that great battle.

Words meanings summery:

• महता (mahatā) - by a great, with a great

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

• शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a shower of arrows, with a flood of arrows

• प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta (a Rākṣasa chief)

• युद्धकोविदः (yuddhakovidaḥ) - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

• अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - tormented, harassed, afflicted

• सङ्क्रुद्धः (saṅkruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

• वानरान् (vānarān) - the monkeys

• परमाहवे (paramāhave) - in the great battle, in the supreme conflict

Words meanings and morphology

महता (mahatā) - by a great, with a great

(adjective)

Instrumental, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'śaraugheṇa'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

शरौघेण (śaraugheṇa) - by a shower of arrows, with a flood of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaraugha

śaraugha - shower of arrows, multitude of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, stream, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)

प्रहस्तः (prahastaḥ) - Prahasta (a Rākṣasa chief)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasta

prahasta - Prahasta (proper name, a general of Rāvaṇa)

युद्धकोविदः (yuddhakovidaḥ) - skilled in battle, expert in warfare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuddhakovida

yuddhakovida - skilled in war, expert in battle

Compound type : saptamī-tatpuruṣa (yuddha+kovida)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root yudh 'to fight'.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• kovida – skilled, expert, proficient
  adjective (masculine)

अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - tormented, harassed, afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of arday

Causative stem

Periphrastic perfect formation from the causative stem of root ṛd.

Root: ṛd (class 1)

सङ्क्रुद्धः (saṅkruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅkruddha

saṅkruddha - enraged, greatly angered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (4th class) with prefix sam- and past passive participle suffix -ta.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

वानरान् (vānarān) - the monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

परमाहवे (paramāhave) - in the great battle, in the supreme conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paramāhava

paramāhava - great battle, supreme combat

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+āhava)

• parama – highest, supreme, greatest
  adjective (masculine)
• āhava – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hu (class 3)