वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-16

तेषामापततां शीघ्रं निघ्नतां चापि वानरान् ।
द्विविदो गिरिशृङ्गेण जघानैकं नरान्तकम् ॥१६॥

16. teṣāmāpatatāṃ śīghraṃ nighnatāṃ cāpi vānarān ,
dvivido giriśṛṅgeṇa jaghānaikaṃ narāntakam.

16. teṣām āpatatām śīghram nighnatām ca api vānarān
dvividaḥ giriśṛṅgeṇa jaghāna ekam narāntakam

16. teṣām śīghram vānarān āpatatām ca api nighnatām
dvividaḥ giriśṛṅgeṇa ekam narāntakam jaghāna

16. While those (demons) were swiftly advancing and also striking the monkeys, Dvivida killed Narantaka, one of them, with a mountain peak.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those demons (from the previous verse) (of them, of those)

• आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing, approaching, attacking

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly, quickly

• निघ्नताम् (nighnatām) - of those striking, killing

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

• द्विविदः (dvividaḥ) - Dvivida (name of a monkey general)

• गिरिशृङ्गेण (giriśṛṅgeṇa) - with a mountain peak

• जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he struck

• एकम् (ekam) - one (demon) (one, a certain one)

• नरान्तकम् (narāntakam) - Narantaka (the demon)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those demons (from the previous verse) (of them, of those)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Genitive of agent for participles `āpatatām` and `nighnatām`

आपतताम् (āpatatām) - of those rushing, approaching, attacking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - rushing upon, attacking, falling upon

Present Active Participle

`ā` (towards) + `√pat` (to fall, fly) + `śatṛ` suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying `āpatatām`

निघ्नताम् (nighnatām) - of those striking, killing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing, slaying

Present Active Participle

`ni` (down, thoroughly) + `√han` (to strike, kill) + `śatṛ` suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle

वानरान् (vānarān) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

From `vana` (forest)

Note: Object of the participle `nighnatām`

द्विविदः (dvividaḥ) - Dvivida (name of a monkey general)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvivida

dvivida - Dvivida (proper name of a monkey)

Lit. "two-fold", "having two kinds"

Note: Subject of `jaghāna`

गिरिशृङ्गेण (giriśṛṅgeṇa) - with a mountain peak

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of giriśṛṅga

giriśṛṅga - mountain peak

Tatpuruṣa compound `giri` (mountain) + `śṛṅga` (peak)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+śṛṅga)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  From root `gṝ` (to swallow) or related to `gir` (mountain)
  Root: gṝ (class 6)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument of action for `jaghāna`

जघान (jaghāna) - he killed, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Indicative

Root `han`, reduplicated perfect. 3rd person singular.

Root: han (class 2)

एकम् (ekam) - one (demon) (one, a certain one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique, a certain

Numeral

नरान्तकम् (narāntakam) - Narantaka (the demon)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narāntaka

narāntaka - killer of men (proper name of a demon)

Tatpuruṣa compound `nara` (man) + `antaka` (ender, killer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+antaka)

• nara – man, person, human
  noun (masculine)
• antaka – ender, killer, Yama (god of death)
  noun (masculine)
  From `anta` (end) + `ka` suffix
  Root: ant

Note: Object of `jaghāna`