वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-46, verse-13

आर्तस्वरं च स्वनतां सिंहनादं च नर्दताम् ।
बभूव तुमुलः शब्दो हरीणां रक्षसां युधि ॥१३॥

13. ārtasvaraṃ ca svanatāṃ siṃhanādaṃ ca nardatām ,
babhūva tumulaḥ śabdo harīṇāṃ rakṣasāṃ yudhi.

13. ārtasvaram ca svanatām siṃhanādam ca nardatām
babhūva tumulaḥ śabdaḥ harīṇām rakṣasām yudhi

13. yudhi harīṇām rakṣasām ārtasvaram svanatām ca
siṃhanādam nardatām ca tumulaḥ śabdaḥ babhūva

13. In the battle, a tremendous sound arose from the monkeys and demons, consisting of the distressed cries of some and the lion-like roars of others.

Words meanings summery:

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - distressed cry, painful sound

• च (ca) - and

• स्वनताम् (svanatām) - of those sounding, of those making noises

• सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - lion's roar, roar like a lion

• च (ca) - and

• नर्दताम् (nardatām) - of those roaring, of those thundering

• बभूव (babhūva) - there was, it happened, it became

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, tremendous, violent

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, roar

• हरीणाम् (harīṇām) - of the monkeys

• रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the demons

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - distressed cry, painful sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - distressed cry, cry of pain, lament

`ārta` (distressed) + `svara` (sound)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ārta+svara)

• ārta – distressed, afflicted, pained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `ṛd` (to pain, afflict) + `kta` suffix
  Root: ṛd
• svara – sound, voice, tone, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root `svṛ` (to sound)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle `svanatām`

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

स्वनताम् (svanatām) - of those sounding, of those making noises

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of svanat

svanat - sounding, making noise

Present Active Participle

From root `svan` (to sound) + `śatṛ` suffix

Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subjects (monkeys and demons)

सिंहनादम् (siṁhanādam) - lion's roar, roar like a lion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, battle-cry

`siṃha` (lion) + `nāda` (roar)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  From root `nad` (to roar, sound)
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Object of the participle `nardatām`

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नर्दताम् (nardatām) - of those roaring, of those thundering

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nardat

nardat - roaring, thundering

Present Active Participle

From root `nard` (to roar, sound) + `śatṛ` suffix

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subjects (monkeys and demons)

बभूव (babhūva) - there was, it happened, it became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Indicative

Root `bhū`, reduplicated perfect. 3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, tremendous, violent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, agitated, violent, great, tremendous

Note: Agrees with `śabdaḥ`

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, roar

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

From root `śabd` (to sound)

Root: śabd (class 1)

हरीणाम् (harīṇām) - of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, brown, tawny, lion

Note: Genitive of possession, indicating source of sound

रक्षसाम् (rakṣasām) - of the demons

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - demon, rākṣasa, evil spirit

From root `rakṣ` (to protect), but means a type of demon

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Genitive of possession, indicating source of sound

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight

From root `yudh` (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Locative of place