वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-5

न हि मे जीवितेनार्थो नैवार्थैर्न च भूषणैः ।
वसन्त्या राक्षसी मध्ये विना रामं महारथम् ॥५॥

5. na hi me jīvitenārtho naivārthairna ca bhūṣaṇaiḥ ,
vasantyā rākṣasī madhye vinā rāmaṃ mahāratham.

5. na hi me jīvitena arthaḥ na eva arthaiḥ na ca bhūṣaṇaiḥ
vasantyāḥ rākṣasī madhye vinā rāmam mahāratham

5. hi me jīvitena arthaḥ na,
na eva arthaiḥ,
na ca bhūṣaṇaiḥ.
rāmam mahāratham vinā,
rākṣasī madhye vasantyāḥ (me arthaḥ na).

5. Indeed, there is no purpose for my life, nor for wealth, nor for ornaments while I am dwelling amidst these female rākṣasas (rākṣasī), without Rāma (Rāma), the great charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• मे (me) - for my (to me, for me, my)

• जीवितेन (jīvitena) - for my life (instrumental of purpose/means) (by life, with life)

• अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, use (purpose, meaning, wealth, object, thing)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• एव (eva) - at all (emphatic negation) (indeed, only, just, quite)

• अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - for wealth/possessions (by wealth, by possessions, by objects)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भूषणैः (bhūṣaṇaiḥ) - for ornaments (by ornaments, by decorations)

• वसन्त्याः (vasantyāḥ) - while I am dwelling (of her dwelling, while dwelling (feminine))

• राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - female rākṣasa (female rākṣasa, demoness)

• मध्ये (madhye) - amidst (in the middle, amidst, among)

• विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - the great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior, commander)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - for my (to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Enclitic form of 'aham'.

जीवितेन (jīvitena) - for my life (instrumental of purpose/means) (by life, with life)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, alive

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From √jīv (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Used with 'artha' to mean 'purpose of life'.

अर्थः (arthaḥ) - purpose, use (purpose, meaning, wealth, object, thing)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing, affair

Root: ṛ (class 5)

Note: Predicative nominative with 'na' implies 'there is no purpose'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - at all (emphatic negation) (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'na' for strong negation.

अर्थैः (arthaiḥ) - for wealth/possessions (by wealth, by possessions, by objects)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, object, wealth, thing, affair

Root: ṛ (class 5)

Note: Instrumental of purpose, implying 'no use for wealth'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with 'na' for 'nor'.

भूषणैः (bhūṣaṇaiḥ) - for ornaments (by ornaments, by decorations)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of bhūṣaṇa

bhūṣaṇa - ornament, decoration, adornment

From causative of √bhūṣ (to adorn, to decorate).

Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Instrumental of purpose.

वसन्त्याः (vasantyāḥ) - while I am dwelling (of her dwelling, while dwelling (feminine))

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, singular of vasantī

vasantī - dwelling, residing

Present Active Participle

Feminine of vasant. Derived from root √vas (to dwell, to reside) with present participle suffix -ant.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sītā, indicating her state of dwelling.

राक्षसी (rākṣasī) - female rākṣasa (female rākṣasa, demoness)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - female rākṣasa, demoness

Feminine form of rākṣasa.

Note: Often used in this context to imply dwelling among a group of rākṣasīs, even if grammatically singular.

मध्ये (madhye) - amidst (in the middle, amidst, among)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, midst, center

Note: Used with 'rākṣasī' to indicate 'amongst the rākṣasīs'.

विना (vinā) - without (without, except)

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a legendary prince, hero of Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Governed by 'vinā'.

महारथम् (mahāratham) - the great charioteer (great charioteer, warrior, commander)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, great warrior, commander of many chariots

Compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/warrior in a chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)
  From √rādh (to prepare, to accomplish).
  Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Appositive to 'rāmam'.

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