वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-21

यदि मामिह जानीयाद्वर्तमानां स राघवः ।
अद्य बाणैरभिक्रुद्धः कुर्याल् लोकमराक्षसं ॥२१॥

21. yadi māmiha jānīyādvartamānāṃ sa rāghavaḥ ,
adya bāṇairabhikruddhaḥ kuryāl lokamarākṣasaṃ.

21. yadi mām iha jānīyāt vartamānām saḥ rāghavaḥ
adya bāṇaiḥ abhikruddhaḥ kuryāt lokam arākṣasam

21. yadi saḥ rāghavaḥ mām iha vartamānām jānīyāt,
abhikruddhaḥ adya bāṇaiḥ lokam arākṣasam kuryāt

21. If that Rāghava (Rāma) were to know that I am present here, then, enraged, he would immediately make the world free of rākṣasas with his arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• माम् (mām) - me

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - would know, should know

• वर्तमानाम् (vartamānām) - present (here) (existing, present, staying)

• सः (saḥ) - that (Rāghava) (he, that)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava)

• अद्य (adya) - immediately (today, now, at this moment)

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

• अभिक्रुद्धः (abhikruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

• कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would make (the world) (would make, should do)

• लोकम् (lokam) - the world (the world, people, realm)

• अराक्षसम् (arākṣasam) - free from rākṣasas, without rākṣasas

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

Conditional conjunction.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'jānīyāt'.

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

Note: Modifies 'vartamānām'.

जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - would know, should know

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jñā

optative mood

Root 'jñā' (9th class, Parasmaipada).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Forms the protasis of a conditional sentence.

वर्तमानाम् (vartamānām) - present (here) (existing, present, staying)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - present, existing, living, current

present participle

Root 'vṛt' (1st class, Atmanepada) with 'śānac' suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

सः (saḥ) - that (Rāghava) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rāghava.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rāghava (Rāma) (Rāghava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, son of Raghu (epithet for Rāma)

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Subject of 'jānīyāt' and 'kuryāt'.

अद्य (adya) - immediately (today, now, at this moment)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows, by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Means by which the action 'kuryāt' is performed.

अभिक्रुद्धः (abhikruddhaḥ) - enraged, very angry

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhikruddha

abhikruddha - enraged, very angry, furious

past passive participle

From root 'krudh' (to be angry) with prefix 'abhi' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Rāghava, describing his state.

कुर्यात् (kuryāt) - would make (the world) (would make, should do)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of kṛ

optative mood

Root 'kṛ' (8th class, Parasmaipada).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the apodosis (consequence) in the conditional sentence.

लोकम् (lokam) - the world (the world, people, realm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, mankind

Root: lok (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kuryāt'.

अराक्षसम् (arākṣasam) - free from rākṣasas, without rākṣasas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arākṣasa

arākṣasa - without rākṣasas, free from demons

Negative compound (Nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'a' + 'rākṣasa'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+rākṣasa)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• rākṣasa – a demon, an evil being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of 'lokam'.

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