वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-18

इहस्थां मां न जानीते शङ्के लक्ष्मणपूर्वजः ।
जानन्नपि हि तेजस्वी धर्षणां मर्षयिष्यति ॥१८॥

18. ihasthāṃ māṃ na jānīte śaṅke lakṣmaṇapūrvajaḥ ,
jānannapi hi tejasvī dharṣaṇāṃ marṣayiṣyati.

18. iha-sthām mām na jānīte śaṅke lakṣmaṇa-pūrvajaḥ
jānan api hi tejasvī dharṣaṇām marṣayiṣyati

18. lakṣmaṇa-pūrvajaḥ mām iha-sthām na jānīte śaṅke
hi tejasvī jānan api dharṣaṇām marṣayiṣyati

18. I suspect Lakṣmaṇa's elder brother (Rāma) does not know that I am held captive here. For how could that valorous one, even if he knew, tolerate such an outrage?

Words meanings summery:

• इह-स्थाम् (iha-sthām) - held captive here (standing here, located here, present here)

• माम् (mām) - me

• न (na) - not, no

• जानीते (jānīte) - knows, understands

• शङ्के (śaṅke) - I suspect, I fear, I doubt

• लक्ष्मण-पूर्वजः (lakṣmaṇa-pūrvajaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa's elder brother (Rāma) (elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa)

• जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• हि (hi) - for (introduces a reason or emphasizes a rhetorical question) (for, indeed, surely, because)

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - that valorous one (Rāma) (radiant, powerful, valorous, brilliant one)

• धर्षणाम् (dharṣaṇām) - such an outrage (referring to Sītā's abduction) (outrage, insult, abduction, violation)

• मर्षयिष्यति (marṣayiṣyati) - will tolerate, will forgive, will endure

Words meanings and morphology

इह-स्थाम् (iha-sthām) - held captive here (standing here, located here, present here)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iha-stha

iha-stha - standing here, present here

Compound formed from indeclinable 'iha' and suffix '-stha' (from root 'sthā').

Compound type : tatpurusha (iha+stha)

• iha – here, in this place
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix 'ka' (kr̥t pratyaya)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand, stay)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

जानीते (jānīte) - knows, understands

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

present tense

Root 'jñā' (9th class, Atmanepada).

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Atmanepada.

शङ्के (śaṅke) - I suspect, I fear, I doubt

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śaṅk

present tense

Root 'śaṅk' (1st class, Atmanepada).

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada.

लक्ष्मण-पूर्वजः (lakṣmaṇa-pūrvajaḥ) - Lakṣmaṇa's elder brother (Rāma) (elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa-pūrvaja

lakṣmaṇa-pūrvaja - elder brother of Lakṣmaṇa

Compound referring to Rāma.

Compound type : tatpurusha (lakṣmaṇa+pūrvaja)

• lakṣmaṇa – Lakṣmaṇa (proper name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pūrvaja – born before, elder brother, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pūrva' (before) + root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

जानन् (jānan) - knowing, while knowing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñā

jñā - to know, to understand

present active participle

Root 'jñā' (9th class) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

हि (hi) - for (introduces a reason or emphasizes a rhetorical question) (for, indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating cause or emphasis.

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - that valorous one (Rāma) (radiant, powerful, valorous, brilliant one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - radiant, powerful, valorous, brilliant

Possessive adjective from 'tejas' (splendor, power).

धर्षणाम् (dharṣaṇām) - such an outrage (referring to Sītā's abduction) (outrage, insult, abduction, violation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharṣaṇā

dharṣaṇā - outrage, insult, abduction, violation, oppression

From root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, to violate).

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

मर्षयिष्यति (marṣayiṣyati) - will tolerate, will forgive, will endure

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of mṛṣ

future tense

Causative of root 'mṛṣ' (4th class, Parasmaipada) + future suffix 'sya'.

Root: mṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Parasmaipada form. Causative form of the root means 'to cause to bear/tolerate'.

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