वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-19

हृतेति यो ऽधिगत्वा मां राघवाय निवेदयेत् ।
गृध्रराजो ऽपि स रणे रावणेन निपातितः ॥१९॥

19. hṛteti yo'dhigatvā māṃ rāghavāya nivedayet ,
gṛdhrarājo'pi sa raṇe rāvaṇena nipātitaḥ.

19. hṛtā iti yaḥ adhigatvā mām rāghavāya nivedayet
gṛdhrarājaḥ api saḥ raṇe rāvaṇena nipātitaḥ

19. yaḥ adhigatvā mām hṛtā iti rāghavāya nivedayet,
saḥ gṛdhrarājaḥ api rāvaṇena raṇe nipātitaḥ

19. The one who, having found me, would report to Rāma that I have been abducted, even that king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) was struck down by Rāvaṇa in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• हृता (hṛtā) - (I am) abducted (abducted, carried away, stolen)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks a quotation)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which one

• अधिगत्वा (adhigatvā) - having found, having reached, having ascertained

• माम् (mām) - me

• राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāghava (Rāma)

• निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should report, would inform

• गृध्रराजः (gṛdhrarājaḥ) - the king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) (king of vultures)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सः (saḥ) - (even) he (Jaṭāyu) (he, that one)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, killed, felled

Words meanings and morphology

हृता (hṛtā) - (I am) abducted (abducted, carried away, stolen)

(participle)

Nominative, feminine, singular of hṛ

hṛ - to take, carry, seize, steal

past passive participle

Root 'hṛ' (1st class) with 'kta' suffix.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively as 'I am abducted'.

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner (marks a quotation)

(indeclinable)

Quotation marker.

यः (yaḥ) - whoever, which one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun.

अधिगत्वा (adhigatvā) - having found, having reached, having ascertained

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Root 'gam' with prefix 'adhi' and suffix 'ktvā'.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

First person pronoun.

राघवाय (rāghavāya) - to Rāghava (Rāma)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, son of Raghu (epithet for Rāma)

Patronymic from Raghu.

निवेदयेत् (nivedayet) - should report, would inform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of niveday

optative mood

Causative of root 'vid' with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 1)

Note: Parasmaipada.

गृध्रराजः (gṛdhrarājaḥ) - the king of vultures (Jaṭāyu) (king of vultures)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhrarāja

gṛdhrarāja - king of vultures (specifically Jaṭāyu)

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (gṛdhra+rāja)

• gṛdhra – vulture
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

सः (saḥ) - (even) he (Jaṭāyu) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Note: Agent of the action 'nipātitaḥ'.

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, killed, felled

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, felled, killed

past passive participle

From root 'pat' (to fall) with prefix 'ni' and causative suffix 'i' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

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