वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-49

साहं त्यक्ता प्रियेणेह रामेण विदितात्मना ।
प्राणांस्त्यक्ष्यामि पापस्य रावणस्य गता वशम् ॥४९॥

49. sāhaṃ tyaktā priyeṇeha rāmeṇa viditātmanā ,
prāṇāṃstyakṣyāmi pāpasya rāvaṇasya gatā vaśam.

49. sā aham tyaktā priyeṇa iha rāmeṇa viditātmanā
prāṇān tyakṣyāmi pāpasya rāvaṇasya gatā vaśam

49. sā aham iha priyeṇa rāmeṇa viditātmanā tyaktā
pāpasya rāvaṇasya vaśam gatā prāṇān tyakṣyāmi

49. Having been abandoned here by my beloved Rāma, who is knowledgeable of his inner self (ātman), I, now fallen under the sway of the sinful Rāvaṇa, will give up my life.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine nominative singular)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - abandoned, forsaken, given up

• प्रियेण (priyeṇa) - by the beloved, by the dear one

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this place

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• विदितात्मना (viditātmanā) - by one knowledgeable of his inner self (ātman) (by one who knows the self, by one whose self is known)

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life-breaths, vital airs, life

• त्यक्ष्यामि (tyakṣyāmi) - I will abandon, I will give up

• पापस्य (pāpasya) - of the sinful, of evil

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• गता (gatā) - having gone, having come (feminine nominative singular)

• वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the speaker, Sītā.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

त्यक्ता (tyaktā) - abandoned, forsaken, given up

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up

Past Passive Participle

From root tyaj- (to abandon, forsake).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sā aham` (feminine nominative singular).

प्रियेण (priyeṇa) - by the beloved, by the dear one

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, liked

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Refers to Rāma.

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this place

(indeclinable)

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name), pleasing, dark

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `priyeṇa`.

विदितात्मना (viditātmanā) - by one knowledgeable of his inner self (ātman) (by one who knows the self, by one whose self is known)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of viditātman

viditātman - one who knows the self, whose nature is understood, self-aware

Compound of vidita (known) and ātman (self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vidita+ātman)

• vidita – known, understood, perceived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vid- (to know, perceive).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `rāmeṇa`.

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - life-breaths, vital airs, life

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, living being

From prefix pra- and root an- (to breathe).

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `tyakṣyāmi`.

त्यक्ष्यामि (tyakṣyāmi) - I will abandon, I will give up

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of tyaj

Future Active Indicative

From root tyaj- (to abandon), class 1, parasmaipada.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

पापस्य (pāpasya) - of the sinful, of evil

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sinful, evil, wicked

Note: Agrees with `rāvaṇasya`.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Genitive with `vaśam` (under the control of).

गता (gatā) - having gone, having come (feminine nominative singular)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From root gam- (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `sā aham`.

वशम् (vaśam) - control, power, sway

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, sway, subjection

Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Accusative of destination/object with `gatā`.

Previous Verse