वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-35

साहं कथं करिष्यामि तं विना प्रियदर्शनम् ।
रामं रक्तान्तनयनमपश्यन्ती सुदुःखिता ॥३५॥

35. sāhaṃ kathaṃ kariṣyāmi taṃ vinā priyadarśanam ,
rāmaṃ raktāntanayanamapaśyantī suduḥkhitā.

35. sā aham katham kariṣyāmi tam vinā priyadarśanam
rāmam raktāntanayanam apaśyantī suduḥkhitā

35. sā suduḥkhitā aham priyadarśanam raktāntanayanam
tam rāmam vinā apaśyantī katham kariṣyāmi

35. How can I, so sorrowful, live without him, the one with a lovely appearance, without seeing Rāma, whose eyes have reddish corners?

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make, I will live

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative)

• विना (vinā) - without

• प्रियदर्शनम् (priyadarśanam) - one with a lovely appearance (lovely to look at, handsome, of pleasing appearance)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma (accusative)

• रक्तान्तनयनम् (raktāntanayanam) - whose eyes have reddish corners

• अपश्यन्ती (apaśyantī) - not seeing, not beholding

• सुदुःखिता (suduḥkhitā) - very distressed, extremely sorrowful

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

Note: feminine nominative singular

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

Note: interrogative adverb

करिष्यामि (kariṣyāmi) - I will do, I will make, I will live

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

future active

1st singular future active indicative

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: refers to Rāma

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

Note: governs accusative (tam)

प्रियदर्शनम् (priyadarśanam) - one with a lovely appearance (lovely to look at, handsome, of pleasing appearance)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priyadarśana

priyadarśana - lovely to look at, handsome, pleasing appearance

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (priya+darśana)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• darśana – sight, appearance, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rāma (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name)

Root: ram (class 1)

रक्तान्तनयनम् (raktāntanayanam) - whose eyes have reddish corners

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raktāntanayana

raktāntanayana - whose eyes have reddish corners

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rakta+anta+nayana)

• rakta – red, dyed, attached
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root rañj (to color, dye)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• anta – end, edge, corner
  noun (masculine)
• nayana – eye, leading
  noun (neuter)
  derived from root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

अपश्यन्ती (apaśyantī) - not seeing, not beholding

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apaśyant

apaśyant - not seeing

present active participle (negated)

feminine nominative singular present active participle of paśyati (root dṛś), negated with 'a'

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सुदुःखिता (suduḥkhitā) - very distressed, extremely sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - very distressed, extremely sorrowful

Compound type : praadi-samāsa (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, unhappy
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root duḥkh (to suffer)
  Root: duḥkh (class 1)

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