वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-41

दृश्यमाने भवेत् प्रीतः सौहृदं नास्त्यपश्यतः ।
नाशयन्ति कृतघ्रास्तु न रामो नाशयिष्यति ॥४१॥

41. dṛśyamāne bhavet prītaḥ sauhṛdaṃ nāstyapaśyataḥ ,
nāśayanti kṛtaghrāstu na rāmo nāśayiṣyati.

41. dṛśyamāne bhavet prītaḥ sauhṛdam na asti apaśyataḥ
nāśayanti kṛtaghnāḥ tu na rāmaḥ nāśayiṣyati

41. dṛśyamāne prītaḥ bhavet; apaśyataḥ sauhṛdam na
asti; kṛtaghnāḥ tu nāśayanti; rāmaḥ na nāśayiṣyati

41. Affection arises when one is seen; there is no friendship for one who is not seen. Ungrateful people indeed destroy (relationships), but Rāma will not destroy (me/our bond).

Words meanings summery:

• दृश्यमाने (dṛśyamāne) - when seen, in the one being seen

• भवेत् (bhavet) - there would be, may be

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, affectionate, dear

• सौहृदम् (sauhṛdam) - friendship, affection, good-heartedness

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, of an unseen person

• नाशयन्ति (nāśayanti) - they destroy, they cause to perish

• कृतघ्नाः (kṛtaghnāḥ) - ungrateful persons, those who destroy gratitude

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• न (na) - not, no

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• नाशयिष्यति (nāśayiṣyati) - will destroy, will cause to perish

Words meanings and morphology

दृश्यमाने (dṛśyamāne) - when seen, in the one being seen

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of dṛśyamāna

dṛśyamāna - being seen, visible

Present Passive Participle (ātmanepada)

From √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - there would be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, affectionate, dear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, loved, affectionate

Past Passive Participle

From √prī (to please, love)

Root: prī (class 9)

सौहृदम् (sauhṛdam) - friendship, affection, good-heartedness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sauhṛda

sauhṛda - friendship, affection, good-will

Derived from suhṛd (friend)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

अपश्यतः (apaśyataḥ) - of one not seeing, of an unseen person

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseen

Present Active Participle (negative)

From 'a' (not) + √dṛś (to see), present stem paśyat

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+paśyat)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• paśyat – seeing
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From √dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

नाशयन्ति (nāśayanti) - they destroy, they cause to perish

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of naś

Causative stem of √naś

Causative stem nāśaya-

Root: naś (class 4)

कृतघ्नाः (kṛtaghnāḥ) - ungrateful persons, those who destroy gratitude

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛtaghna

kṛtaghna - ungrateful, destroyer of good deeds/gratitude

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (kṛta+ghna)

• kṛta – done, made, deed, kindness
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ghna – slaying, destroying, killer
  adjective (masculine)
  From √han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name), pleasing, black, dark

नाशयिष्यति (nāśayiṣyati) - will destroy, will cause to perish

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of naś

Causative future stem of √naś

Causative future stem nāśayiṣya-

Root: naś (class 4)

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