वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-46

साहमेवंगते काले मर्तुमिच्छामि सर्वथा ।
न च मे विहितो मृत्युरस्मिन्दुःखे ऽपि वर्तति ॥४६॥

46. sāhamevaṃgate kāle martumicchāmi sarvathā ,
na ca me vihito mṛtyurasminduḥkhe'pi vartati.

46. sā aham evaṃgate kāle martum icchāmi sarvathā na
ca me vihitaḥ mṛtyuḥ asmin duḥkhe api vartati

46. sā aham evaṃgate kāle sarvathā martum icchāmi ca
asmin duḥkhe api me mṛtyuḥ vihitaḥ na vartati

46. Therefore, in this state, I absolutely wish to die. Yet, death is not ordained for me even amidst this suffering.

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine nominative singular)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• एवंगते (evaṁgate) - having come to such a state, in this condition, thus situated

• काले (kāle) - in time, in the situation, at the moment

• मर्तुम् (martum) - to die, for dying

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

• सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, entirely, absolutely

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, but

• मे (me) - to me, for me, my

• विहितः (vihitaḥ) - ordained, prescribed, arranged, created

• मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• दुःखे (duḥkhe) - in sorrow, in distress, in suffering

• अपि (api) - even, also

• वर्तति (vartati) - exists, prevails, occurs, is present

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to the speaker, Sītā.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

एवंगते (evaṁgate) - having come to such a state, in this condition, thus situated

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of evaṃgata

evaṁgata - having come to such a state, thus situated, in such a condition

Compound formed from evaṃ (thus) and gata (gone, attained), derived from the root gam- to go.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (evam+gata)

• evam – thus, in this manner, so
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, attained, reached, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root gam- (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Feminine locative singular, grammatically agreeing with `kāle` but semantically describing the state of `aham`.

काले (kāle) - in time, in the situation, at the moment

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, situation, occasion, fate

मर्तुम् (martum) - to die, for dying

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of mṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root mṛ- (to die), class 6.

Root: mṛ (class 6)

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish, I desire

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active Indicative

From root iṣ- (to wish), class 6, parasmaipada.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, entirely, absolutely

(indeclinable)

Formed from sarva (all) with the suffix -thā (in the manner of).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, but

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - to me, for me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Can also be genitive, but here dative 'for me' is appropriate.

विहितः (vihitaḥ) - ordained, prescribed, arranged, created

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihita

vihita - ordained, prescribed, arranged, performed, granted

Past Passive Participle

From root dhā- (to place, arrange, fix) with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `mṛtyuḥ`.

मृत्युः (mṛtyuḥ) - death

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu

mṛtyu - death, the god of death

From root mṛ- (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Agrees with `duḥkhe`.

दुःखे (duḥkhe) - in sorrow, in distress, in suffering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, distress, suffering, pain, misery

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

वर्तति (vartati) - exists, prevails, occurs, is present

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Active Indicative

From root vṛt- (to exist, to be), class 1, ātmanepada, but here used in parasmaipada.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Here implies 'is available' or 'is present'.

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