वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-24, verse-31

यदि नाम स शूरो मां रामो रक्तान्तलोचनः ।
जानीयाद्वर्तमानां हि रावणस्य निवेशने ॥३१॥

31. yadi nāma sa śūro māṃ rāmo raktāntalocanaḥ ,
jānīyādvartamānāṃ hi rāvaṇasya niveśane.

31. yadi nāma saḥ śūraḥ mām rāmaḥ raktāntalocanaḥ
jānīyāt vartamānām hi rāvaṇasya niveśane

31. yadi nāma saḥ śūraḥ raktāntalocanaḥ rāmaḥ
mām rāvaṇasya niveśane vartamānām hi jānīyāt

31. If indeed that brave Rāma, whose eyes have red corners, were to know that I am currently residing in Rāvaṇa's abode...

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• नाम (nāma) - Emphatic particle, 'indeed' (indeed, by name, for instance)

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to Rāma (that, he)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic, a hero

• माम् (mām) - Refers to Sītā (me)

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

• रक्तान्तलोचनः (raktāntalocanaḥ) - having red corners of the eyes

• जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - might know, should know

• वर्तमानाम् (vartamānām) - that I am living (existing, being, living)

• हि (hi) - Emphatic particle, 'surely' (indeed, for, because)

• रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

• निवेशने (niveśane) - in the dwelling, in the house, in the abode

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a conditional clause.

नाम (nāma) - Emphatic particle, 'indeed' (indeed, by name, for instance)

(indeclinable)

Can also be a noun (name). Here, used as an indeclinable particle.

Note: Particle intensifying the statement.

सः (saḥ) - Referring to Rāma (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rāma.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic, a hero

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, heroic, a hero

Root: śū

Note: Modifies Rāma.

माम् (mām) - Refers to Sītā (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of aham

aham - I

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'jānīyāt' and in agreement with 'vartamānām'.

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'jānīyāt'.

रक्तान्तलोचनः (raktāntalocanaḥ) - having red corners of the eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of raktāntalocana

raktāntalocana - having red corners of the eyes

Bahuvrihi compound: 'rakta' (red) + 'anta' (end, corner) + 'locana' (eye). Literally 'whose eye-ends are red'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (rakta+anta+locana)

• rakta – red, colored, dyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color, redden)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• anta – end, corner, limit
  noun (masculine)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root loc (to see, look).
  Root: loc (class 1)

Note: Modifies Rāma.

जानीयात् (jānīyāt) - might know, should know

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of jñā

Optative mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses a wish or possibility.

वर्तमानाम् (vartamānām) - that I am living (existing, being, living)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, present

Present Active Participle

From root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Participial adjective agreeing with 'mām' (referring to Sītā).

हि (hi) - Emphatic particle, 'surely' (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

रावणस्य (rāvaṇasya) - of Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'niveśane'.

निवेशने (niveśane) - in the dwelling, in the house, in the abode

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of niveśana

niveśana - dwelling, abode, house, settlement

From root viś (to enter) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Location of 'vartamānām'.

Previous Verse Next Verse