वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-41, verse-7

प्रत्यक् स्रोतोगमाश्चैव नद्यः शीतजलाः शिवाः ।
तापसानामरण्यानि कान्तारा गिरयश्च ये ॥७॥

7. pratyak srotogamāścaiva nadyaḥ śītajalāḥ śivāḥ ,
tāpasānāmaraṇyāni kāntārā girayaśca ye.

7. pratyak srotogamāḥ ca eva nadyaḥ śītajalāḥ
śivāḥ tāpasānām araṇyāni kāntārāḥ girayaḥ ca ye

7. ye nadyaḥ pratyak srotogamāḥ ca eva śītajalāḥ
śivāḥ tāpasānām araṇyāni kāntārāḥ ca girayaḥ

7. And indeed, those auspicious rivers with cold water that flow westward, along with the forests of ascetics, and the wildernesses and mountains that are there.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्यक् (pratyak) - in the western direction (westward, opposite, reversed)

• स्रोतोगमाः (srotogamāḥ) - rivers that flow (flowing, moving in a stream)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

• शीतजलाः (śītajalāḥ) - having cold water

• शिवाः (śivāḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

• तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of ascetics, of hermits

• अरण्यानि (araṇyāni) - forests, wildernesses

• कान्ताराः (kāntārāḥ) - wildernesses, difficult paths, forests

• गिरयः (girayaḥ) - mountains, hills

• च (ca) - and, also

• ये (ye) - which, those who

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्यक् (pratyak) - in the western direction (westward, opposite, reversed)

(indeclinable)

From prati (against, towards) + añc (to bend, go)

Prefix: prati

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially.

स्रोतोगमाः (srotogamāḥ) - rivers that flow (flowing, moving in a stream)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of srotogama

srotogama - flowing in a stream or current; a river

Compound srotas (stream) + gama (going)

Compound type : tatpurusha (srotas+gama)

• srotas – a stream, current, flow
  noun (neuter)
  From sru (to flow)
  Root: sru (class 1)
• gama – going, moving, reaching
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nadyaḥ.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'are there'.

शीतजलाः (śītajalāḥ) - having cold water

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śītajala

śītajala - cold water; having cold water (as adjective)

Bahuvrihi compound: śīta (cold) + jala (water).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śīta+jala)

• śīta – cold, cool, chilled
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śyai (to freeze, be cold)
  Root: śyai (class 1)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with nadyaḥ.

शिवाः (śivāḥ) - auspicious, benevolent, propitious

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, prosperous

Note: Agrees with nadyaḥ.

तापसानाम् (tāpasānām) - of ascetics, of hermits

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - an ascetic, hermit; related to penance (tapas)

Derived from tapas (penance)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Possessive, "of the ascetics".

अरण्यानि (araṇyāni) - forests, wildernesses

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness, jungle

Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of implied 'are there'.

कान्ताराः (kāntārāḥ) - wildernesses, difficult paths, forests

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāntāra

kāntāra - wilderness, desert, forest, difficult path

ka (bad) + antāra (interior, interval) = kāntāra (bad interval/region), or from kāma (desire) + tāra (cross) for "difficult to cross".

Note: Subject of implied 'are there'.

गिरयः (girayaḥ) - mountains, hills

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of giri

giri - mountain, hill

From root gṛ (to swallow, devour, consume, often associated with weight/mass)

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Subject of implied 'are there'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ये (ye) - which, those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun

Note: Connects the list of places to an implicit "are there".