वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-41, verse-45

एतावद्वानरैः शक्यं गन्तुं वानरपुंगवाः ।
अभास्करममर्यादं न जानीमस्ततः परम् ॥४५॥

45. etāvadvānaraiḥ śakyaṃ gantuṃ vānarapuṃgavāḥ ,
abhāskaramamaryādaṃ na jānīmastataḥ param.

45. etāvat vānaraiḥ śakyam gantum vānarapuṅgavāḥ
abhāskaram amaryādam na jānīmaḥ tataḥ param

45. vānarapuṅgavāḥ etāvat gantum vānaraiḥ śakyam
tataḥ param abhāskaram amaryādam na jānīmaḥ

45. O foremost among monkeys, this is as far as we monkeys can go. Beyond this, a region without the sun and without limits, we do not know.

Words meanings summery:

• एतावत् (etāvat) - this much, so much, so far

• वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

• शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go

• वानरपुङ्गवाः (vānarapuṅgavāḥ) - O best among monkeys, O foremost of monkeys

• अभास्करम् (abhāskaram) - without the sun, sunless

• अमर्यादम् (amaryādam) - without bounds, boundless, limitless

• न (na) - not

• जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know

• ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from that, beyond that

• परम् (param) - beyond, further

Words meanings and morphology

एतावत् (etāvat) - this much, so much, so far

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'etad' + 'vat' suffix for measure.

Note: Adverbial use.

वानरैः (vānaraiḥ) - by monkeys

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vānara

vānara - monkey, ape

शक्यम् (śakyam) - possible, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, able, feasible

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root śak with -ya suffix.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Functions predicatively with 'gantum'.

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form from root gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

वानरपुङ्गवाः (vānarapuṅgavāḥ) - O best among monkeys, O foremost of monkeys

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vānara+puṅgava)

• vānara – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, chief, eminent, excellent (used as a suffix meaning 'best of')
  noun (masculine)

अभास्करम् (abhāskaram) - without the sun, sunless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhāskara

abhāskara - sunless, without light

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāskara)

• a – not, non-, un- (privative prefix)
  indeclinable
• bhāskara – sun, sun-maker
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from `bhās` (light) + `kṛ` (to make) + `a` (agent suffix).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun like 'region' or 'place'.

अमर्यादम् (amaryādam) - without bounds, boundless, limitless

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amaryāda

amaryāda - without limits, boundless, unruly

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+maryāda)

• a – not, non-, un- (privative prefix)
  indeclinable
• maryāda – limit, boundary, restriction, propriety
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun like 'region' or 'place'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

जानीमः (jānīmaḥ) - we know

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

ततः (tataḥ) - thence, from that, beyond that

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - beyond, further

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.