वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-41, verse-43

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प्रष्टव्यो मेरुसावर्णिर्महर्षिः सूर्यसंनिभः ।
प्रणम्य शिरसा भूमौ प्रवृत्तिं मैथिलीं प्रति ॥४३॥

43. praṣṭavyo merusāvarṇirmaharṣiḥ sūryasaṃnibhaḥ ,
praṇamya śirasā bhūmau pravṛttiṃ maithilīṃ prati.

43. praṣṭavyaḥ merusāvarṇiḥ maharṣiḥ sūryasaṃnibhaḥ
praṇamya śirasā bhūmau pravṛttim maithilīm prati

43. bhūmau śirasā praṇamya sūryasaṃnibhaḥ maharṣiḥ
merusāvarṇiḥ maithilīm prati pravṛttim praṣṭavyaḥ

43. Having bowed down with the head to the ground, the great sage Merusāvarṇi, who resembles the sun, must be asked about the whereabouts of Maithilī (Sītā).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

प्रष्टव्यः (praṣṭavyaḥ) - The sage is the one to be questioned (should be asked, must be questioned)

मेरुसावर्णिः (merusāvarṇiḥ) - The specific sage mentioned in the previous verse (Merusāvarṇi (proper name))

महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - Refers to Merusāvarṇi (great sage, great seer)

सूर्यसंनिभः (sūryasaṁnibhaḥ) - Describes the sage's brilliance or aura (resembling the sun, sun-like)

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - Describes the action taken before questioning the sage (having bowed down, after prostrating)

शिरसा (śirasā) - Refers to the act of prostrating with one's head touching the ground (with the head, by the head)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - The location where the bowing takes place (on the ground, on the earth)

प्रवृत्तिम् (pravṛttim) - News or information about Maithilī (news, information, activity, occurrence)

मैथिलीम् (maithilīm) - Sītā, daughter of the king of Mithila (Maithilī (Sītā))

प्रति (prati) - Specifies the subject of the news (towards, concerning, regarding)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रष्टव्यः (praṣṭavyaḥ) - The sage is the one to be questioned (should be asked, must be questioned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṣṭavya

praṣṭavya - to be asked, to be questioned, interrogable

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Formed from pra-√prach (to ask) + suffix -tavya

Prefix: pra

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Qualifies merusāvarṇiḥ maharṣiḥ

मेरुसावर्णिः (merusāvarṇiḥ) - The specific sage mentioned in the previous verse (Merusāvarṇi (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of merusāvarṇi

merusāvarṇi - Merusāvarṇi (name of a sage, a Manu)

A compound name

Compound type : karmadhāraya (meru+sāvarṇi)

meru – the mythical golden mountain, axis of the universe
proper noun (masculine)
sāvarṇi – descendant of Savarṇā; one of the Manus; having the same color or form
noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied action (to be asked)

महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - Refers to Merusāvarṇi (great sage, great seer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound of mahā (great) + ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective
Combining form of mahat
ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer
noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to merusāvarṇiḥ

सूर्यसंनिभः (sūryasaṁnibhaḥ) - Describes the sage's brilliance or aura (resembling the sun, sun-like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūryasaṃnibha

sūryasaṁnibha - resembling the sun, like the sun

Compound of sūrya (sun) + saṃnibha (resembling)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sūrya+saṃnibha)

sūrya – sun, sun god
noun (masculine)
saṃnibha – resembling, like, similar to
adjective
From sam-√bhā (to shine equally, resemble)
Prefix: sam
Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies merusāvarṇiḥ maharṣiḥ

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - Describes the action taken before questioning the sage (having bowed down, after prostrating)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from pra-√nam (to bow) + suffix -ya (after prefix)

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

शिरसा (śirasā) - Refers to the act of prostrating with one's head touching the ground (with the head, by the head)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top

s-stem neuter noun