वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-41, verse-28

तं गजाश्च वराहाश्च सिंहा व्याघ्राश्च सर्वतः ।
अभिगर्जन्ति सततं तेन शब्देन दर्पिताः ॥२८॥

28. taṃ gajāśca varāhāśca siṃhā vyāghrāśca sarvataḥ ,
abhigarjanti satataṃ tena śabdena darpitāḥ.

28. tam gajāḥ ca varāhāḥ ca siṃhā vyāghrāḥ ca sarvataḥ
abhigarjanti satatam tena śabdena darpitāḥ

28. gajāḥ ca varāhāḥ ca siṃhā ca vyāghrāḥ ca darpitāḥ
sarvataḥ tena śabdena tam satatam abhigarjanti

28. Elephants, boars, lions, and tigers, made proud by that sound, constantly roar towards it from all directions.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - at it (the mountain) (him, it, that)

• गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वराहाः (varāhāḥ) - boars (boars, wild hogs)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सिंहा (siṁhā) - lions

• व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, everywhere, in all directions)

• अभिगर्जन्ति (abhigarjanti) - constantly roar towards (roar towards, bellow at, thunder)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

• तेन (tena) - by that (sound) (by that, with that)

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by that sound (their roar) (by sound, with sound, by word)

• दर्पिताः (darpitāḥ) - made proud (by their roaring sound) (proud, arrogant, haughty, enraged)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - at it (the mountain) (him, it, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'abhigarjanti'.

गजाः (gajāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: One of the subjects of 'abhigarjanti'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'gajāḥ' and 'varāhāḥ'.

वराहाः (varāhāḥ) - boars (boars, wild hogs)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varāha

varāha - boar, wild hog

Note: One of the subjects of 'abhigarjanti'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'varāhāḥ' and 'siṃhā'.

सिंहा (siṁhā) - lions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: One of the subjects of 'abhigarjanti'.

व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

From vi (prefix) + ā (prefix) + root ghra (to smell). Literally 'one who sniffs out' or 'one who attacks'.

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: ghra (class 1)

Note: One of the subjects of 'abhigarjanti'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'siṃhā' and 'vyāghrāḥ'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all directions (from all sides, everywhere, in all directions)

(indeclinable)

From sarva (all) + tasil suffix (from, in all directions).

Note: Adverbial.

अभिगर्जन्ति (abhigarjanti) - constantly roar towards (roar towards, bellow at, thunder)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of abhigarj

From abhi (prefix) + root garj (to roar). Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Prefix: abhi

Root: garj (class 1)

Note: The main verb.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

From sa (with) + tata (spread, extended). Used adverbially here in accusative neuter singular.

Note: Adverbial, modifying 'abhigarjanti'.

तेन (tena) - by that (sound) (by that, with that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'śabdena'.

शब्देन (śabdena) - by that sound (their roar) (by sound, with sound, by word)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise, voice

Note: Agent or means for 'darpitāḥ'.

दर्पिताः (darpitāḥ) - made proud (by their roaring sound) (proud, arrogant, haughty, enraged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of darpita

darpita - made proud, arrogant, excited, enraged

Past Passive Participle

From root dṛp (to be proud, to boast) + kta suffix.

Root: dṛp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with the subjects (gajāḥ, varāhāḥ, etc.).