वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-1, verse-37

चिरिबिल्वा मधूकाश्च वञ्जुला बकुलास्तथा ।
चम्पकास्तिलकाश्चैव नागवृक्षाश्च पुष्पिताः ॥३७॥

37. ciribilvā madhūkāśca vañjulā bakulāstathā ,
campakāstilakāścaiva nāgavṛkṣāśca puṣpitāḥ.

37. ciribilvāḥ madhūkāḥ ca vañjulāḥ bakulāḥ tathā
campakāḥ tilakāḥ ca eva nāgavṛkṣāḥ ca puṣpitāḥ

37. ciribilvāḥ ca madhūkāḥ vañjulāḥ bakulāḥ tathā
campakāḥ tilakāḥ ca eva nāgavṛkṣāḥ ca puṣpitāḥ

37. Ciribilva, Madhūka, Vañjula, and Bakula trees are in bloom; and similarly, Campaka, Tilaka, and Nāgavṛkṣa trees are also blossomed.

Words meanings summery:

• चिरिबिल्वाः (ciribilvāḥ) - Ciribilva trees

• मधूकाः (madhūkāḥ) - Madhūka trees

• च (ca) - and

• वञ्जुलाः (vañjulāḥ) - Vañjula trees

• बकुलाः (bakulāḥ) - Bakula trees

• तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, and also, thus)

• चम्पकाः (campakāḥ) - Campaka trees

• तिलकाः (tilakāḥ) - Tilaka trees

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, also, only)

• नागवृक्षाः (nāgavṛkṣāḥ) - Nāgavṛkṣa trees

• च (ca) - and

• पुष्पिताः (puṣpitāḥ) - blossomed (blossomed, flowered, in bloom)

Words meanings and morphology

चिरिबिल्वाः (ciribilvāḥ) - Ciribilva trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ciribilva

ciribilva - Indian Beech tree, Pongamia pinnata (Karanj tree)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मधूकाः (madhūkāḥ) - Madhūka trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of madhūka

madhūka - Mahua tree, Madhuca longifolia

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Ciribilva and Madhūka.

वञ्जुलाः (vañjulāḥ) - Vañjula trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vañjula

vañjula - Ashoka tree (Saraca asoca) or a type of cane/reed

Note: Subject of the sentence.

बकुलाः (bakulāḥ) - Bakula trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bakula

bakula - Spanish Cherry tree, Mimusops elengi

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तथा (tathā) - and similarly (similarly, and also, thus)

(indeclinable)

Correlative particle often used with 'yathā' or 'ca'.

Note: Connects the previous list of trees with the following one.

चम्पकाः (campakāḥ) - Campaka trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of campaka

campaka - Magnolia champaca (Michelia champaca), a fragrant flowering tree

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तिलकाः (tilakāḥ) - Tilaka trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tilaka

tilaka - Symplocos racemosa, a tree with yellow flowers and reddish fruit

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Campaka and Tilaka.

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, also, only)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Follows 'ca' to emphasize addition.

नागवृक्षाः (nāgavṛkṣāḥ) - Nāgavṛkṣa trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāgavṛkṣa

nāgavṛkṣa - Ironwood tree, Mesua ferrea (Nāgakeśara)

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāga+vṛkṣa)

• nāga – snake, cobra, elephant
  noun (masculine)
  Here used as a specific epithet for the tree, referring to its flower's shape.
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛkṣ

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Tilaka and Nāgavṛkṣa.

पुष्पिताः (puṣpitāḥ) - blossomed (blossomed, flowered, in bloom)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puṣpita

puṣpita - blossomed, flowered, in bloom

Past Passive Participle

From root 'puṣp' (to blossom) + 'ita' suffix.

Root: puṣp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies all the listed trees.