वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-1, verse-13

मां हि शोकसमाक्रान्तं संतापयति मन्मथः ।
हृष्टः प्रवदमानश्च समाह्वयति कोकिलः ॥१३॥

13. māṃ hi śokasamākrāntaṃ saṃtāpayati manmathaḥ ,
hṛṣṭaḥ pravadamānaśca samāhvayati kokilaḥ.

13. mām hi śokasamakrāntam saṃtāpayati manmathaḥ
hṛṣṭaḥ pravadamānaḥ ca samāhvayati kokilaḥ

13. hi manmathaḥ śokasamakrāntam mām saṃtāpayati
ca hṛṣṭaḥ pravadamānaḥ kokilaḥ samāhvayati

13. Indeed, the god of love (Manmatha) torments me, who am overcome by grief. And the joyful cuckoo calls out, as if inviting me.

Words meanings summery:

• माम् (mām) - me

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• शोकसमक्रान्तम् (śokasamakrāntam) - overcome by grief, overwhelmed by sorrow

• संतापयति (saṁtāpayati) - he torments, he afflicts, he makes suffer

• मन्मथः (manmathaḥ) - Kāma (the god of love), the mind-churner, love

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, glad, delighted

• प्रवदमानः (pravadamānaḥ) - speaking, crying out, calling out

• च (ca) - and

• समाह्वयति (samāhvayati) - he calls out, he invokes, he summons

• कोकिलः (kokilaḥ) - cuckoo

Words meanings and morphology

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Object of 'saṃtāpayati'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing affirmation or cause.

शोकसमक्रान्तम् (śokasamakrāntam) - overcome by grief, overwhelmed by sorrow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokasamakrānta

śokasamakrānta - overcome by grief, seized by sorrow

Compound type : instrumental tatpurusha (śoka+samākrānta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root √śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• samākrānta – overcome, seized, attacked, pervaded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kram (to step, go) with prefixes sam- and ā-.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

संतापयति (saṁtāpayati) - he torments, he afflicts, he makes suffer

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of saṃtāpaya

Present Active Indicative (causative)

Causative form of root √tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: tap (class 1)

मन्मथः (manmathaḥ) - Kāma (the god of love), the mind-churner, love

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manmatha

manmatha - god of love (Kāma), Cupid, agitation of mind

From 'manas' (mind) and 'math' (to churn, agitate).

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'saṃtāpayati'.

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - joyful, glad, delighted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - gladdened, delighted, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

From root √hṛṣ (to be excited, glad).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'kokilaḥ'.

प्रवदमानः (pravadamānaḥ) - speaking, crying out, calling out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravadamāna

pravadamāna - speaking, calling out, sounding

Present Middle Participle

From root √vad (to speak) with prefix pra- and the middle voice suffix '-māna'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'kokilaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

समाह्वयति (samāhvayati) - he calls out, he invokes, he summons

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of samāhvaya

Present Active Indicative

From root √hve (to call) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: hve (class 1)

कोकिलः (kokilaḥ) - cuckoo

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kokila

kokila - cuckoo

Note: Subject of 'samāhvayati'.