वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-1, verse-1

स तां पुष्करिणीं गत्वा पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम् ।
रामः सौमित्रिसहितो विललापाकुलेन्द्रियः ॥१॥

1. sa tāṃ puṣkariṇīṃ gatvā padmotpalajhaṣākulām ,
rāmaḥ saumitrisahito vilalāpākulendriyaḥ.

1. sa tāṃ puṣkariṇīṃ gatvā padmotpalajhaṣākulām
rāmaḥ saumitrisahitaḥ vilalāpa ākulendriyaḥ

1. sa rāmaḥ saumitrisahitaḥ padmotpalajhaṣākulām
tāṃ puṣkariṇīṃ gatvā ākulendriyaḥ vilalāpa

1. Having gone to that lotus pond, which was teeming with lotuses, water-lilies, and fish, Rama, accompanied by Saumitri, lamented with agitated senses.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he

• तां (tāṁ) - that (lotus pond) (that)

• पुष्करिणीं (puṣkariṇīṁ) - lotus pond

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम् (padmotpalajhaṣākulām) - teeming with lotuses, water-lilies, and fish

• रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

• सौमित्रिसहितः (saumitrisahitaḥ) - accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa (accompanied by Saumitri)

• विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented, wailed

• आकुलेन्द्रियः (ākulendriyaḥ) - with agitated senses, whose senses were disturbed

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तां (tāṁ) - that (lotus pond) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुष्करिणीं (puṣkariṇīṁ) - lotus pond

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of puṣkariṇī

puṣkariṇī - lotus pond, lake, tank

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive (gerund) formed from the root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

पद्मोत्पलझषाकुलाम् (padmotpalajhaṣākulām) - teeming with lotuses, water-lilies, and fish

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of padmotpalajhaṣākula

padmotpalajhaṣākula - filled or crowded with lotuses, water-lilies, and fish

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (padma+utpala+jhaṣa+ākula)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• utpala – water-lily, blue lotus
  noun (neuter)
• jhaṣa – fish
  noun (masculine)
• ākula – agitated, crowded, full of, teeming with
  adjective (masculine)

रामः (rāmaḥ) - Rama

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of the hero of the Ramayana)

सौमित्रिसहितः (saumitrisahitaḥ) - accompanied by Lakṣmaṇa (accompanied by Saumitri)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saumitrisahita

saumitrisahita - accompanied by Saumitri (Lakṣmaṇa, son of Sumitrā)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saumitri+sahita)

• saumitri – son of Sumitrā (Lakṣmaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sahita – accompanied by, together with, connected with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle formed from the root 'sah' (to endure, bear) with prefix 'sa' (together, with).
  Prefix: sa
  Root: sah (class 1)

विललाप (vilalāpa) - lamented, wailed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vilalāpa

Perfect Active

Third person singular perfect active form of the root 'lap' (to speak, lament) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

आकुलेन्द्रियः (ākulendriyaḥ) - with agitated senses, whose senses were disturbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākulendriya

ākulendriya - one whose senses are agitated, whose faculties are disturbed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ākula+indriya)

• ākula – agitated, confused, disturbed, full of
  adjective (masculine)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)

Next Verse