वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-1, verse-36

केतक्यः सिन्दुवाराश्च वासन्त्यश्च सुपुष्पिताः ।
माधव्यो गन्धपूर्णाश्च कुन्दगुल्माश्च सर्वशः ॥३६॥

36. ketakyaḥ sinduvārāśca vāsantyaśca supuṣpitāḥ ,
mādhavyo gandhapūrṇāśca kundagulmāśca sarvaśaḥ.

36. ketakyaḥ sinduvārāḥ ca vāsantyaḥ ca supuṣpitāḥ
mādhavyaḥ gandhapūrṇāḥ ca kundagulmāḥ ca sarvaśaḥ

36. ketakyaḥ ca sinduvārāḥ ca vāsantyaḥ supuṣpitāḥ ca
mādhavyaḥ gandhapūrṇāḥ ca kundagulmāḥ sarvaśaḥ

36. Ketakī plants, Sinduvāra trees, and Vāsantī creepers are all beautifully blossomed. Also, Mādhavī creepers, full of fragrance, and Kunda bushes are everywhere.

Words meanings summery:

• केतक्यः (ketakyaḥ) - Ketakī plants

• सिन्दुवाराः (sinduvārāḥ) - Sinduvāra trees (Sinduvāra plants)

• च (ca) - and

• वासन्त्यः (vāsantyaḥ) - Vāsantī creepers

• च (ca) - and

• सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - beautifully blossomed (beautifully blossomed, well-flowered)

• माधव्यः (mādhavyaḥ) - Mādhavī creepers

• गन्धपूर्णाः (gandhapūrṇāḥ) - full of fragrance (full of fragrance, very fragrant)

• च (ca) - also (and, also)

• कुन्दगुल्माः (kundagulmāḥ) - Kunda bushes (clumps/bushes of Kunda (star jasmine))

• च (ca) - and

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere (everywhere, in all parts, completely)

Words meanings and morphology

केतक्यः (ketakyaḥ) - Ketakī plants

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of ketakī

ketakī - screwpine, Pandanus odorifer (a fragrant plant)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सिन्दुवाराः (sinduvārāḥ) - Sinduvāra trees (Sinduvāra plants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sinduvāra

sinduvāra - a plant, Vitex negundo (chaste tree), often with fragrant blue flowers

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Ketakī and Sinduvāra.

वासन्त्यः (vāsantyaḥ) - Vāsantī creepers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāsantī

vāsantī - a spring-flowering creeper, Jasminum angustifolium (wild jasmine)

Derived from 'vasanta' (spring).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Sinduvāra and Vāsantī.

सुपुष्पिताः (supuṣpitāḥ) - beautifully blossomed (beautifully blossomed, well-flowered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of supuṣpita

supuṣpita - beautifully blossomed, well-flowered

Past Passive Participle

From 'su' (good, well) + 'puṣpita' (blossomed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+puṣpita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• puṣpita – blossomed, flowered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'puṣp'.
  Root: puṣp (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ketakyaḥ', 'sinduvārāḥ', and 'vāsantyaḥ'.

माधव्यः (mādhavyaḥ) - Mādhavī creepers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of mādhavī

mādhavī - a spring creeper, Hiptage benghalensis

Derived from 'madhu' or 'mādhava' (spring).

Note: Subject of the sentence.

गन्धपूर्णाः (gandhapūrṇāḥ) - full of fragrance (full of fragrance, very fragrant)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of gandhapūrṇa

gandhapūrṇa - full of fragrance, fragrant

Compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (gandha+pūrṇa)

• gandha – smell, fragrance
  noun (masculine)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pṛ' 'to fill'.
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'mādhavyaḥ'.

च (ca) - also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the 'supuṣpitāḥ' group to 'mādhavyaḥ' group.

कुन्दगुल्माः (kundagulmāḥ) - Kunda bushes (clumps/bushes of Kunda (star jasmine))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kundagulma

kundagulma - clumps/bushes of Kunda (Jasminum multiflorum/pubescens)

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kunda+gulma)

• kunda – a species of jasmine (Jasminum multiflorum), white flower
  noun (masculine)
• gulma – bush, shrub, clump, thicket
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Mādhavī and Kunda bushes.

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - everywhere (everywhere, in all parts, completely)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' (all) with the suffix '-śas'.

Note: Modifies 'kundagulmāḥ'.

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