वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-1, verse-18

पश्य लक्ष्णम नृत्यन्तं मयूरमुपनृत्यति ।
शिखिनी मन्मथार्तैषा भर्तारं गिरिसानुषु ॥१८॥

18. paśya lakṣṇama nṛtyantaṃ mayūramupanṛtyati ,
śikhinī manmathārtaiṣā bhartāraṃ girisānuṣu.

18. paśya lakṣmaṇa nṛtyantam mayūram upanṛtyati
śikhinī manmathārtā eṣā bhartāram girisānuṣu

18. lakṣmaṇa paśya eṣā manmathārtā śikhinī girisānuṣu
nṛtyantam mayūram bhartāram upanṛtyati

18. Behold, Lakshmana, this peahen, tormented by the god of love, dances near her mate, the dancing peacock, on the mountain slopes.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्य (paśya) - look, behold, see

• लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana (proper name)

• नृत्यन्तम् (nṛtyantam) - dancing

• मयूरम् (mayūram) - peacock

• उपनृत्यति (upanṛtyati) - dances near, dances in accompaniment

• शिखिनी (śikhinī) - peahen

• मन्मथार्ता (manmathārtā) - afflicted by love, love-stricken

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, mate

• गिरिसानुषु (girisānuṣu) - on mountain slopes

Words meanings and morphology

पश्य (paśya) - look, behold, see

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of paś

Imperative mood

2nd person singular imperative of root dṛś (which changes to paś in present and imperative stems)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

लक्ष्मण (lakṣmaṇa) - Lakshmana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana, brother of Rama

नृत्यन्तम् (nṛtyantam) - dancing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛtyat

nṛtyat - dancing, one who dances

Present Active Participle

Derived from root nṛt (to dance) with the present participle suffix śatṛ

Root: nṛt (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'mayūram'.

मयूरम् (mayūram) - peacock

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mayūra

mayūra - peacock

Note: Object of 'upanṛtyati'.

उपनृत्यति (upanṛtyati) - dances near, dances in accompaniment

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of upanṛtyati

Present Tense

3rd person singular present active of root nṛt with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: nṛt (class 4)

शिखिनी (śikhinī) - peahen

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śikhinī

śikhinī - peahen

Feminine form of śikhin (crested, having a tuft)

Note: Subject of 'upanṛtyati'.

मन्मथार्ता (manmathārtā) - afflicted by love, love-stricken

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of manmathārta

manmathārta - afflicted by love, tormented by the god of love

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manmatha+ārta)

• manmatha – the god of love (Kāma), love
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root ṛ (to go, move, suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'śikhinī'.

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'śikhinī'.

भर्तारम् (bhartāram) - husband, mate

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, maintainer, lord, master

Agent noun

Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, support, maintain)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Object of 'upanṛtyati', referring to the peacock.

गिरिसानुषु (girisānuṣu) - on mountain slopes

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of girisānu

girisānu - mountain slope, peak, table-land on a mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+sānu)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• sānu – summit, ridge, table-land, slope (of a mountain)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates location.