वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-110, verse-42

तच्च दृष्ट्वा धनुःश्रेष्ठं गौरवाद्गिरिसंनिभम् ।
अभिवाद्य नृपा जग्मुरशक्तास्तस्य तोलने ॥४२॥

42. tacca dṛṣṭvā dhanuḥśreṣṭhaṃ gauravādgirisaṃnibham ,
abhivādya nṛpā jagmuraśaktāstasya tolane.

42. tat ca dṛṣṭvā dhanuḥśreṣṭham gauravāt giri-saṃnibham
abhivādya nṛpāḥ jagmuḥ aśaktāḥ tasya tolane

42. ca nṛpāḥ tat dhanuḥśreṣṭham gauravāt giri-saṃnibham
dṛṣṭvā tasya tolane aśaktāḥ abhivādya jagmuḥ

42. And seeing that excellent bow, resembling a mountain in its immense weight, the kings, unable to lift it, paid homage and then departed.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• च (ca) - and

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• धनुःश्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥśreṣṭham) - the best of bows, excellent bow

• गौरवात् (gauravāt) - due to its heaviness, because of weight

• गिरि-संनिभम् (giri-saṁnibham) - resembling a mountain, mountain-like

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having paid homage

• नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went, departed

• अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - unable, powerless

• तस्य (tasya) - its, of it

• तोलने (tolane) - in lifting, in weighing

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root dṛś (to see), suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धनुःश्रेष्ठम् (dhanuḥśreṣṭham) - the best of bows, excellent bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanuḥśreṣṭha

dhanuḥśreṣṭha - best of bows, most excellent bow

Tatpuruṣa compound: dhanus (bow) + śreṣṭha (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanus+śreṣṭha)

• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative degree of praśasya (excellent)

गौरवात् (gauravāt) - due to its heaviness, because of weight

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gaurava

gaurava - heaviness, weight, importance, dignity

Derived from guru (heavy, important)

गिरि-संनिभम् (giri-saṁnibham) - resembling a mountain, mountain-like

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of giri-saṃnibha

giri-saṁnibha - mountain-like, resembling a mountain

Tatpuruṣa compound: giri (mountain) + saṃnibha (resembling)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (giri+saṃnibha)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnibha – resembling, similar to
  adjective (neuter)
  from sam-ni-bhā (to shine, appear)
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dhanuḥśreṣṭham'.

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having paid homage

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from abhi-vad, suffix -ya

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

नृपाः (nṛpāḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men

Compound 'nṛ' (man) + 'pa' (protector, from root pā - to protect)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  from root pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - went, departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of gam

perfect tense

Root: gam (class 1)

अशक्ताः (aśaktāḥ) - unable, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśakta

aśakta - unable, incapable, powerless

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + śakta (able). Śakta is a Past Passive Participle from root śak.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śakta – able, capable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root śak (to be able)
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'nṛpāḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - its, of it

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers to the bow (dhanuḥśreṣṭham).

तोलने (tolane) - in lifting, in weighing

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tolana

tolana - lifting, weighing, balancing

from root tul (to lift, weigh)

Root: tul (class 10)

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