वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-110, verse-39

असंचाल्यं मनुष्यैश्च यत्नेनापि च गौरवात् ।
तन्न शक्ता नमयितुं स्वप्नेष्वपि नराधिपाः ॥३९॥

39. asaṃcālyaṃ manuṣyaiśca yatnenāpi ca gauravāt ,
tanna śaktā namayituṃ svapneṣvapi narādhipāḥ.

39. asañcālyam manuṣyaiḥ ca yatnena api ca gauravāt
tat na śaktāḥ namayitum svapneṣu api narādhipāḥ

39. tat asañcālyam (āsīt),
manuṣyaiḥ ca yatnena api ca gauravāt (api na śakyam āsīt); narādhipāḥ svapneṣu api namayitum na śaktāḥ (āsan)

39. That (bow) could not be moved by humans, even with considerable effort, because of its immense weight. Kings were unable to bend it, not even in their dreams.

Words meanings summery:

• असञ्चाल्यम् (asañcālyam) - immovable (referring to the bow) (not to be moved, immovable)

• मनुष्यैः (manuṣyaiḥ) - by ordinary men (by men, by humans)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - even with effort (by effort, with exertion)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• गौरवात् (gauravāt) - due to its immense weight (due to weight, from dignity/greatness)

• तत् (tat) - that (bow) (that, it (neuter))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - able (to bend it) (able, capable, powerful)

• नमयितुम् (namayitum) - to bend (to bend, to cause to bow)

• स्वप्नेषु (svapneṣu) - even in their dreams (in dreams)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings (kings, lords of men)

Words meanings and morphology

असञ्चाल्यम् (asañcālyam) - immovable (referring to the bow) (not to be moved, immovable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asañcālya

asañcālya - not to be moved, immovable, unshakeable

Gerundive

Compound of 'a' (negation) + 'sam' (together) + 'cal' (to move) + '-ya'. Neuter nominative singular.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sañcālya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix
• sañcālya – to be moved, movable, shakeable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From 'sam' + 'cal' (to move)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: cal (class 1)

Note: Predicative for 'tat'.

मनुष्यैः (manuṣyaiḥ) - by ordinary men (by men, by humans)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being, person

Instrumental plural masculine.

Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

यत्नेन (yatnena) - even with effort (by effort, with exertion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, attempt

Instrumental singular masculine.

Root: yat (class 1)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

गौरवात् (gauravāt) - due to its immense weight (due to weight, from dignity/greatness)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of gaurava

gaurava - heaviness, weight, importance, dignity, reverence

Neuter noun, ablative singular.

Root: gur

Note: Used adverbially as 'because of its weight'.

तत् (tat) - that (bow) (that, it (neuter))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, nominative singular neuter.

Note: Subject of the second clause.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

Note: Negates 'śaktāḥ'.

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - able (to bend it) (able, capable, powerful)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful, mighty

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śak' (to be able). Nominative plural masculine.

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Functions as a predicate, usually with implied 'to be' verb.

नमयितुम् (namayitum) - to bend (to bend, to cause to bow)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive (causative)

Infinitive of the causative verb 'namayati' (to cause to bend).

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a complement to 'śaktāḥ'.

स्वप्नेषु (svapneṣu) - even in their dreams (in dreams)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

Locative plural masculine.

Root: svap (class 2)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

नराधिपाः (narādhipāḥ) - kings (kings, lords of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) + 'adhipa' (lord). Nominative plural masculine.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  From 'adhi' (over) + 'pā' (to protect, rule)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)