महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-81, verse-6

द्रोणस्य रथपर्यन्तं रथिनो रथमास्थिताः ।
कम्पयन्तोऽभ्यवर्तन्त वेगमास्थाय मध्यमम् ॥६॥

6. droṇasya rathaparyantaṁ rathino rathamāsthitāḥ ,
kampayanto'bhyavartanta vegamāsthāya madhyamam.

6. droṇasya rathaparyantam rathinaḥ ratham āsthitāḥ
kampayantaḥ abhyavartanta vegam āsthāya madhyamam

6. rathinaḥ ratham āsthitāḥ,
madhyamam vegam āsthāya,
droṇasya rathaparyantam kampayantaḥ abhyavartanta

6. The charioteers, having mounted their chariots, advanced towards Drona's vicinity, causing his chariot to tremble, maintaining a moderate speed.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

• रथपर्यन्तम् (rathaparyantam) - to the vicinity of the chariot, to the chariot's edge

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• आस्थिताः (āsthitāḥ) - having mounted, stationed

• कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - causing to tremble, shaking

• अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - advanced towards, approached

• वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken

• मध्यमम् (madhyamam) - moderate, medium

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणस्य (droṇasya) - of Drona

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a warrior and teacher)

रथपर्यन्तम् (rathaparyantam) - to the vicinity of the chariot, to the chariot's edge

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rathaparyanta

rathaparyanta - chariot's boundary/vicinity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+paryanta)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• paryanta – end, limit, boundary, vicinity
  noun (masculine)

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, rider in a chariot

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

आस्थिताः (āsthitāḥ) - having mounted, stationed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āsthita

āsthita - mounted, standing, situated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root √sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

कम्पयन्तः (kampayantaḥ) - causing to tremble, shaking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kampayat

kampayat - shaking, causing to tremble

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Derived from causative of verb root √kamp (to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 1)

अभ्यवर्तन्त (abhyavartanta) - advanced towards, approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyavartanta

Imperfect, 3rd person, plural, middle voice

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वेगम् (vegam) - speed, velocity

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse

Root: vij (class 6)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having adopted, having taken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from verb root √sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

मध्यमम् (madhyamam) - moderate, medium

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhyama

madhyama - middle, moderate, medium