महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-81, verse-32

तामापतन्तीं सहसा प्रेक्ष्य द्रोणो विशां पते ।
प्रादुश्चक्रे ततो ब्राह्ममस्त्रमस्त्रविदां वरः ॥३२॥

32. tāmāpatantīṁ sahasā prekṣya droṇo viśāṁ pate ,
prāduścakre tato brāhmamastramastravidāṁ varaḥ.

32. tām āpatantīm sahasā prekṣya droṇaḥ viśām pate
prāduḥ cakre tataḥ brāhmam astram astravidām varaḥ

32. O ruler of men, upon seeing that spear (śakti) suddenly rushing towards him, Droṇa, the foremost among those skilled in weapons, then manifested the divine weapon (brahmāstra).

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - That spear (śakti) (her, that (feminine))

• आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, rushing towards, approaching

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, immediately, forcefully

• प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of people

• पते (pate) - O lord, O ruler

• प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifest, visible

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he created, he manifested

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• ब्राह्मम् (brāhmam) - divine, sacred, related to Brahmā

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

• अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those who know weapons, of weapon-experts

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, foremost

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - That spear (śakti) (her, that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, rushing towards, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpatantī

āpatantī - falling down, rushing towards, approaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pat with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, immediately, forcefully

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form derived from sahas (strength, power).

प्रेक्ष्य (prekṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed from root īkṣ with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a preceptor and warrior in Mahabharata)

विशाम् (viśām) - of men, of people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, inhabitants, subjects

Root: viś (class 6)

पते (pate) - O lord, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, ruler

प्रादुः (prāduḥ) - manifest, visible

(indeclinable)

Note: Often used with 'kṛ' (to do/make) to mean 'to manifest' or 'to appear'.

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he created, he manifested

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect (Liṭ) third person singular middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मम् (brāhmam) - divine, sacred, related to Brahmā

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brāhma

brāhma - relating to Brahmā, sacred, divine, priestly

Derived from brahman (ब्रह्मन्) or brahmā (ब्रह्मा).

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, projectile

Root: as (class 4)

अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those who know weapons, of weapon-experts

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astravid

astravid - one skilled in weapons, expert in missile warfare

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vid)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)
• vid – knowing, learned, wise; one who knows
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent, foremost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, principal; a boon, a blessing

Root: vṛ (class 9)