महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-10, verse-32

यमाहुः सर्वपितरं वासुदेवं द्विजातयः ।
अपि वा ह्येष पाण्डूनां योत्स्यतेऽर्थाय संजय ॥३२॥

32. yamāhuḥ sarvapitaraṁ vāsudevaṁ dvijātayaḥ ,
api vā hyeṣa pāṇḍūnāṁ yotsyate'rthāya saṁjaya.

32. yam āhuḥ sarvapitaram vāsudevam dvijātayaḥ api
vā hi eṣaḥ pāṇḍūnām yotsyate arthāya saṃjaya

32. dvijātayaḥ yam sarvapitaram vāsudevam āhuḥ eṣaḥ
api vā hi pāṇḍūnām arthāya yotsyate saṃjaya

32. The one whom the twice-born (dvijātayaḥ) declare to be the father of all (sarvapitaram), Vāsudeva (Krishna) – will he indeed fight for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas, O Saṃjaya?

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call, they declare

• सर्वपितरम् (sarvapitaram) - the father of all

• वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Krishna)

• द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the Brahmins (the twice-born)

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed (in questions, implies doubt)

• वा (vā) - or, either

• हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this Vāsudeva (Krishna) (this one)

• पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - he will fight

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of, for the purpose of, for the advantage of

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Refers to Vāsudeva.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (liṭ) of brū

Perfect, irregular formation for root brū/vac

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Used as a present tense verb.

सर्वपितरम् (sarvapitaram) - the father of all

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sarvapitṛ

sarvapitṛ - father of all

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+pitṛ)

• sarva – all, every, entire
  pronoun (masculine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ'.

वासुदेवम् (vāsudevam) - Vāsudeva (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Vāsudeva (patronymic of Krishna, son of Vasudeva)

derived from Vasudeva

Note: Object of 'āhuḥ', co-referring with 'yam'.

द्विजातयः (dvijātayaḥ) - the Brahmins (the twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvijāti

dvijāti - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya; sometimes specifically a Brahmin)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+jāti)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• jāti – birth, origin, class
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'āhuḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed (in questions, implies doubt)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a question or express doubt.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'api' and 'hi' for emphasis/doubt.

हि (hi) - indeed, because, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or reason.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this Vāsudeva (Krishna) (this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to Vāsudeva.

पाण्डूनाम् (pāṇḍūnām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas); descendants of Pāṇḍu

Note: Genitive of possession, 'for the sake of the Pāṇḍavas'.

योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - he will fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Futures in middle voice are common for 'yudh'.

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of, for the purpose of, for the advantage of

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, object, meaning, wealth, advantage

Note: Dative of purpose.

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Addressed by the speaker (likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra).