महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-8

धृष्टद्युम्नस्तु समरे क्रोधादग्निरिव ज्वलन् ।
पितामहं त्रिभिर्बाणैर्बाह्वोरुरसि चार्पयत् ॥८॥

8. dhṛṣṭadyumnastu samare krodhādagniriva jvalan ,
pitāmahaṁ tribhirbāṇairbāhvorurasi cārpayat.

8. dhr̥ṣṭadyumnaḥ tu samare krodhāt agniḥ iva jvalan
pitāmaham tribhiḥ bāṇaiḥ bāhvoḥ urasi ca arpayat

8. tu dhr̥ṣṭadyumnaḥ samare krodhāt agniḥ iva jvalan
tribhiḥ bāṇaiḥ pitāmaham bāhvoḥ ca urasi arpayat

8. But Dhristadyumna, burning with rage like fire in battle, discharged three arrows into the grandfather's (Bhishma's) arms and chest.

Words meanings summery:

• ध्र्̥ष्टद्युम्नः (dhr̥ṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhristadyumna

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger, with anger

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing, shining, burning

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma (grandfather)

• त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three, with three

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• बाह्वोः (bāhvoḥ) - in the arms, on the arms

• उरसि (urasi) - in the chest, on the breast

• च (ca) - and

• अर्पयत् (arpayat) - discharged (arrows) (he placed, he offered, he discharged, he struck)

Words meanings and morphology

ध्र्̥ष्टद्युम्नः (dhr̥ṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhristadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhr̥ṣṭadyumna

dhr̥ṣṭadyumna - Dhristadyumna (son of Drupada, commander of the Pandava army)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating contrast or emphasis.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: r̥ (class 1)

Note: Locative of place.

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, out of anger, with anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

From root krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause or source of the state ('jvalan').

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Note: Part of the simile 'agnir iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

ज्वलन् (jvalan) - blazing, shining, burning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jvalat

jvalat - blazing, burning, shining

Present Active Participle

Derived from root jval (to burn, to blaze) with śatr̥ suffix.

Root: jval (class 1)

Note: Describes Dhristadyumna's state, agreeing with 'dhr̥ṣṭadyumnaḥ'.

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma (grandfather)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather

Note: Object of 'arpayat'.

त्रिभिः (tribhiḥ) - by three, with three

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Instrument of the action 'arpayat'.

बाह्वोः (bāhvoḥ) - in the arms, on the arms

(noun)

Locative, masculine, dual of bāhu

bāhu - arm

Note: Locative of place, indicating both arms.

उरसि (urasi) - in the chest, on the breast

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uras

uras - chest, breast

Note: Locative of place.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'bāhvoḥ' and 'urasi'.

अर्पयत् (arpayat) - discharged (arrows) (he placed, he offered, he discharged, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of arpayati

Causative

Imperfect Tense, 3rd person singular, active voice of the causative root arpaya from the root r̥ (to go).

Root: r̥ (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.