महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-15

तथैव तावकाः सर्वे भीष्मरक्षार्थमुद्यताः ।
प्रत्युद्ययुः पाण्डुसेनां सहसैन्या नराधिप ॥१५॥

15. tathaiva tāvakāḥ sarve bhīṣmarakṣārthamudyatāḥ ,
pratyudyayuḥ pāṇḍusenāṁ sahasainyā narādhipa.

15. tathaiva tāvakāḥ sarve bhīṣmarakṣārtham udyatāḥ
pratyudyayuḥ pāṇḍusenām sahasainyāḥ narādhipa

15. narādhipa tathaiva sarve tāvakāḥ sahasainyāḥ
bhīṣmarakṣārtham udyatāḥ pāṇḍusenām pratyudyayuḥ

15. Likewise, O King, all your warriors, along with their armies, were ready for Bhishma's protection and advanced against the Pandava forces.

Words meanings summery:

• तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same manner (as the Pandava forces) (likewise, in the same way, thus indeed)

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors/forces (your people, yours (masculine plural))

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (your warriors) (all, everyone)

• भीष्मरक्षार्थम् (bhīṣmarakṣārtham) - to protect Bhishma (for the purpose of Bhishma's protection)

• उद्यताः (udyatāḥ) - prepared and eager (to protect) (prepared, ready, engaged)

• प्रत्युद्ययुः (pratyudyayuḥ) - they (Kaurava warriors) countered the advance (they advanced against, they went forth to meet)

• पाण्डुसेनाम् (pāṇḍusenām) - the opposing army led by the Pandavas (the Pandava army)

• सहसैन्याः (sahasainyāḥ) - along with their respective military units (with their armies, accompanied by their forces)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O Dhritarashtra (O king, O lord of men)

Words meanings and morphology

तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same manner (as the Pandava forces) (likewise, in the same way, thus indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Combination of `tathā` (thus) and `eva` (indeed).

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your (Dhritarashtra's) warriors/forces (your people, yours (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you

Derived from `tava` (you/your) with `ka` suffix.

Note: Refers to the Kaurava warriors.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (your warriors) (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective modifying `tāvakāḥ`.

भीष्मरक्षार्थम् (bhīṣmarakṣārtham) - to protect Bhishma (for the purpose of Bhishma's protection)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhīṣmarakṣārtha

bhīṣmarakṣārtha - for the sake of Bhishma's protection

Compound noun, adverbial usage (accusative of purpose).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīṣma+rakṣā+artha)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (proper noun, Kuru patriarch)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rakṣā – protection, guarding
  noun (feminine)
  From root `rakṣ` (to protect) + `a` suffix.
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative, indicating purpose.

उद्यताः (udyatāḥ) - prepared and eager (to protect) (prepared, ready, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udyata

udyata - prepared, ready, risen, engaged

Past Passive Participle

From root `yam` (to restrain, to strive) with prefix `ud` (up) + `kta` (past passive participle) suffix.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agreement with `tāvakāḥ`.

प्रत्युद्ययुः (pratyudyayuḥ) - they (Kaurava warriors) countered the advance (they advanced against, they went forth to meet)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect past (lit) of prati-ud-i

Perfect (Lit-lakāra), 3rd Person Plural, Parasmaipada

From root `i` (to go) with prefixes `prati` and `ud`. Lit-lakāra (perfect tense).

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: i (class 2)

पाण्डुसेनाम् (pāṇḍusenām) - the opposing army led by the Pandavas (the Pandava army)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍusena

pāṇḍusena - army of the Pandavas

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāṇḍu+senā)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (proper noun, father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host, troop
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `pratyudyayuḥ`.

सहसैन्याः (sahasainyāḥ) - along with their respective military units (with their armies, accompanied by their forces)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahasainya

sahasainya - accompanied by an army, with forces

Compound formed with `saha` (with) and `sainya` (army).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saha+sainya)

• saha – with, together with
  indeclinable
• sainya – army, forces, troops
  noun (neuter)
  From `senā` (army).

Note: Agreement with `tāvakāḥ`.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O Dhritarashtra (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king

Compound noun, vocative form.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra.