महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-17

रथी रथिनमासाद्य प्राहिणोद्यमसादनम् ।
तथेतरान्समासाद्य नरनागाश्वसादिनः ॥१७॥

17. rathī rathinamāsādya prāhiṇodyamasādanam ,
tathetarānsamāsādya naranāgāśvasādinaḥ.

17. rathī rathinam āsādya prāhiṇot yamasādanam
tathā itarān samāsādya naranāgāśvasādinaḥ

17. rathī rathinam āsādya yamasādanam prāhiṇot tathā
itarān naranāgāśvasādinaḥ samāsādya (prāhiṇot)

17. A charioteer, having engaged another charioteer, sent him to the abode of Yama. Similarly, having engaged other infantrymen, elephant riders, and cavalrymen, he also sent them to Yama's abode.

Words meanings summery:

• रथी (rathī) - a warrior fighting from a chariot (charioteer)

• रथिनम् (rathinam) - an opposing charioteer (charioteer (accusative))

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having encountered/engaged (having approached, having obtained, having attacked)

• प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - he killed and sent to Yama's abode (he sent, he dispatched)

• यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to death, to the underworld (the abode of Yama, the realm of death)

• तथा (tathā) - in the same manner (similarly, thus, so)

• इतरान् (itarān) - other types of warriors (others, other ones)

• समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having engaged (in combat) (having approached, having confronted, having encountered)

• नरनागाश्वसादिनः (naranāgāśvasādinaḥ) - the soldiers on foot, on elephants, and on horses (men (infantry), elephant riders, and horse riders (cavalry))

Words meanings and morphology

रथी (rathī) - a warrior fighting from a chariot (charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot

From `ratha` (chariot) + `in` (possessive) suffix.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

रथिनम् (rathinam) - an opposing charioteer (charioteer (accusative))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, owner of a chariot

From `ratha` (chariot) + `in` (possessive) suffix.

Note: Object of `āsādya`.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having encountered/engaged (having approached, having obtained, having attacked)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `sad` (to sit, to go) with prefix `ā` + `lyap` (absolutive) suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

प्राहिणोत् (prāhiṇot) - he killed and sent to Yama's abode (he sent, he dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-hi

Imperfect (Laṅ-lakāra), 3rd Person Singular, Parasmaipada

From root `hi` (to send, to move) with prefix `pra`. Laṅ-lakāra, fifth conjugation.

Prefix: pra

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

यमसादनम् (yamasādanam) - to death, to the underworld (the abode of Yama, the realm of death)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yamasādana

yamasādana - abode of Yama, house of Yama

Compound noun, accusative of destination.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yama+sādana)

• yama – Yama (proper noun, god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sādana – dwelling, abode, seat; causing to sit down, destroying
  noun (neuter)
  Agent noun/Gerundive
  From root `sad` (to sit). Can mean 'abode' or 'killing'.
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of destination for `prāhiṇot`.

तथा (tathā) - in the same manner (similarly, thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

इतरान् (itarān) - other types of warriors (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of itara

itara - other, another

Accusative plural masculine of `itara`.

Note: Refers to other warriors on foot, elephants, and horses.

समासाद्य (samāsādya) - having engaged (in combat) (having approached, having confronted, having encountered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `sad` (to go) with prefixes `sam` and `ā` + `lyap` (absolutive) suffix.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Intensified form of `āsādya`.

नरनागाश्वसादिनः (naranāgāśvasādinaḥ) - the soldiers on foot, on elephants, and on horses (men (infantry), elephant riders, and horse riders (cavalry))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naranāgāśvasādin

naranāgāśvasādin - infantry, elephant riders, and cavalry (riders of men, elephants, and horses)

Dvandva compound combining `nara` (men/infantry), `nāga` (elephants/elephant riders), `aśva` (horses/horse riders), and `sādin` (riders). The `sādin` here implies riders of elephants and horses.

Compound type : dvandva (nara+nāga+aśva+sādin)

• nara – man, soldier (infantry)
  noun (masculine)
• nāga – elephant, elephant warrior/rider
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse, cavalry/horse rider
  noun (masculine)
• sādin – rider, one who sits upon (a horse, elephant, etc.)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `sad` (to sit) + `ṇin` suffix.
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of `samāsādya`. The implied main verb is `prāhiṇot`.