महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-20

मर्दमाना नरान्राजन्हयांश्च सुबहून्रणे ।
वातायमाना दृश्यन्ते गन्धर्वनगरोपमाः ॥२०॥

20. mardamānā narānrājanhayāṁśca subahūnraṇe ,
vātāyamānā dṛśyante gandharvanagaropamāḥ.

20. mardamānāḥ narān rājan hayān ca subahūn raṇe
vātāyamānāḥ dṛśyante gandharvanagaropamāḥ

20. rājan raṇe subahūn narān ca hayān mardamānāḥ
vātāyamānāḥ gandharvanagaropamāḥ dṛśyante

20. O King, crushing many men and horses in the battle, [the chariots] were seen moving like the wind, resembling cities of Gandharvas.

Words meanings summery:

• मर्दमानाः (mardamānāḥ) - crushing, trampling (men and horses) (crushing, trampling, grinding)

• नरान् (narān) - men (men, human beings)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - many (very many, abundant)

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• वातायमानाः (vātāyamānāḥ) - moving like the wind (behaving like wind, appearing like clouds, moving like wind)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they were seen (they are seen, they appear)

• गन्धर्वनगरोपमाः (gandharvanagaropamāḥ) - resembling cities of Gandharvas (resembling Gandharva cities, like phantom cities)

Words meanings and morphology

मर्दमानाः (mardamānāḥ) - crushing, trampling (men and horses) (crushing, trampling, grinding)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mardamāna

mardamāna - crushing, trampling

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Present active participle (Ātmanepada) of root mṛd (to crush, to grind), 1st conjugation.

Root: mṛd (class 1)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (chariots).

नरान् (narān) - men (men, human beings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Note: Object of mardamānāḥ.

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Object of mardamānāḥ.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सुबहून् (subahūn) - many (very many, abundant)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, abundant, numerous

From prefix su (good, very) + bahu (many)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+bahu)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective

Note: Adjective for narān and hayān.

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates location.

वातायमानाः (vātāyamānāḥ) - moving like the wind (behaving like wind, appearing like clouds, moving like wind)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vātāyamāna

vātāyamāna - behaving like wind, moving like wind, appearing like clouds

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada) of denominative verb

Present active participle (Ātmanepada) from the denominative verb vātāya- (to be like wind), derived from vāta (wind).

Note: Modifies the implied subject (chariots).

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they were seen (they are seen, they appear)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Passive

3rd Person Plural Passive Present of root dṛś (1st conjugation)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

गन्धर्वनगरोपमाः (gandharvanagaropamāḥ) - resembling cities of Gandharvas (resembling Gandharva cities, like phantom cities)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharvanagaropama

gandharvanagaropama - resembling a city of Gandharvas (mythical cities in the sky, often seen as mirages)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gandharvanagara+upama)

• gandharvanagara – city of Gandharvas (a mirage, a phantom city in the sky)
  noun (neuter)
• upama – similar, comparable, resembling
  adjective

Note: Adjective agreeing with the implied subject (chariots). The comparison implies a fleeting, ethereal, or illusory appearance.