महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-39

प्राक्रोशन्क्षत्रियास्तत्र दृष्ट्वा तद्वैशसं महत् ।
दुर्योधनापराधेन क्षयं गच्छन्ति कौरवाः ॥३९॥

39. prākrośankṣatriyāstatra dṛṣṭvā tadvaiśasaṁ mahat ,
duryodhanāparādhena kṣayaṁ gacchanti kauravāḥ.

39. prākrośan kṣatriyāḥ tatra dṛṣṭvā tat vaiśasam
mahat duryodhanāparādhena kṣayaṃ gacchanti kauravāḥ

39. tatra kṣatriyāḥ tat mahat vaiśasam dṛṣṭvā prākrośan
duryodhanāparādhena kauravāḥ kṣayaṃ gacchanti

39. The warriors (kṣatriyas) there cried out, seeing that immense carnage: "Due to Duryodhana's offense, the Kauravas are heading for destruction!"

Words meanings summery:

• प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out, they wailed

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors, members of the Kṣatriya caste

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• तत् (tat) - that

• वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - carnage, slaughter, destruction

• महत् (mahat) - great, immense, large

• दुर्योधनापराधेन (duryodhanāparādhena) - by Duryodhana's offense

• क्षयं (kṣayaṁ) - destruction, ruin, loss

• गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they are heading for, they are meeting (they go, they attain, they approach)

• कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

Words meanings and morphology

प्राक्रोशन् (prākrośan) - they cried out, they wailed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of prākruś

Past Tense (Imperfect)

From prefix `pra-` + root `kruś` (to cry out) in the `bhū` class (1st conjugation). Imperfect 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: kruś (class 1)

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - warriors, members of the Kṣatriya caste

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior, ruler, member of the Kṣatriya caste

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (to see) + suffix `tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

वैशसम् (vaiśasam) - carnage, slaughter, destruction

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaiśasa

vaiśasa - slaughter, carnage, destruction, calamity

Derived from 'viśasa' (killing) or 'viśasta' (slain).

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

महत् (mahat) - great, immense, large

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, immense, important

From root `mah` (to be great) or simply the stem `mahat`.

दुर्योधनापराधेन (duryodhanāparādhena) - by Duryodhana's offense

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duryodhanāparādha

duryodhanāparādha - offense/sin of Duryodhana

Compound type : tatpurusha (duryodhana+aparādha)

• duryodhana – son of Dhritarashtra, antagonist in Mahabharata
  proper noun (masculine)
• aparādha – offense, transgression, sin, fault
  noun (masculine)
  From `apa-` + `rādh` (to succeed) with negative connotation.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the cause.

क्षयं (kṣayaṁ) - destruction, ruin, loss

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, decrease, loss, end

From root `kṣi` (to destroy, to waste away).

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gacchanti'.

गच्छन्ति (gacchanti) - they are heading for, they are meeting (they go, they attain, they approach)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of gam

Present Tense

From root `gam` (to go) in the `bhū` class (1st conjugation). Present 3rd person plural.

Root: gam (class 1)

कौरवाः (kauravāḥ) - the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Patronymic from Kuru.

Note: Subject of 'gacchanti'.