महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-99, verse-6

तेन विद्धा महेष्वासा भीष्मेणामित्रकर्शिना ।
चुक्रुधुः समरे राजन्पादस्पृष्टा इवोरगाः ॥६॥

6. tena viddhā maheṣvāsā bhīṣmeṇāmitrakarśinā ,
cukrudhuḥ samare rājanpādaspṛṣṭā ivoragāḥ.

6. tena viddhāḥ maheṣvāsāḥ bhīṣmeṇa amitrakarśinā
cukrudhuḥ samare rājan pādaspr̥ṣṭāḥ iva uragāḥ

6. rājan tena amitrakarśinā bhīṣmeṇa viddhāḥ
maheṣvāsāḥ samare pādaspr̥ṣṭāḥ uragāḥ iva cukrudhuḥ

6. O King, those great archers, struck by Bhishma, the vanquisher of foes, became enraged in battle, like serpents disturbed by a foot.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by Bhishma (by him, by that)

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

• महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• अमित्रकर्शिना (amitrakarśinā) - by the destroyer of enemies, by the one who emaciates foes

• चुक्रुधुः (cukrudhuḥ) - they became angry, they raged

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O King!)

• पादस्प्र्̥ष्टाः (pādaspr̥ṣṭāḥ) - touched by a foot, stepped upon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• उरगाः (uragāḥ) - serpents, snakes

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by Bhishma (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, struck, wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vyadh (to pierce, strike) with ktā suffix.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'maheṣvāsāḥ'.

महेष्वासाः (maheṣvāsāḥ) - great archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – archer, bowman (one who wields a bow and arrows)
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) + āsa (thrower, from root as 'to throw' or ās 'to sit/wield').
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'cukrudhuḥ'.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a proper name, meaning 'terrible' or 'formidable')

From root bhī (to fear) + ṣma suffix.

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agent of the action 'viddhāḥ'.

अमित्रकर्शिना (amitrakarśinā) - by the destroyer of enemies, by the one who emaciates foes

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amitrakarśin

amitrakarśin - destroyer of enemies, one who wastes away foes

Agent noun

From amitra (enemy) + karśin (one who weakens/emaciates).

Compound type : tatpurusha (amitra+karśin)

• amitra – enemy, foe (literally 'not friend')
  noun (masculine)
  From a- (negative prefix) + mitra (friend).
• karśin – emaciating, weakening, destroyer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root kr̥ś (to weaken, emaciate) + -in suffix.
  Root: kr̥ś (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'bhīṣmeṇa'.

चुक्रुधुः (cukrudhuḥ) - they became angry, they raged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of krudh

Perfect Tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

Root: krudh (class 4)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: r̥ (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O King!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

पादस्प्र्̥ष्टाः (pādaspr̥ṣṭāḥ) - touched by a foot, stepped upon

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pādaspr̥ṣṭa

pādaspr̥ṣṭa - touched by a foot, trampled

Past Passive Participle as part of a compound

From pāda (foot) + spr̥ṣṭa (touched).

Compound type : tatpurusha (pāda+spr̥ṣṭa)

• pāda – foot, leg
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pad (class 4)
• spr̥ṣṭa – touched, contacted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root spr̥ś (to touch) + ktā suffix.
  Root: spr̥ś (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'uragāḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

उरगाः (uragāḥ) - serpents, snakes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of uraga

uraga - serpent, snake (literally 'chest-goer')

From uras (chest) + ga (going, mover).

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, mover
  adjective
  Agent noun
  From root gam (to go) + ḍa suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.