महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-44, verse-38

तृष्णापरिगताः केचिदल्पसत्त्वा विशां पते ।
भूमौ निपतिताः संख्ये जलमेव ययाचिरे ॥३८॥

38. tṛṣṇāparigatāḥ kecidalpasattvā viśāṁ pate ,
bhūmau nipatitāḥ saṁkhye jalameva yayācire.

38. tṛṣṇāparigatāḥ kecit alpasattvā viśām pate
bhūmau nipatitāḥ saṃkhye jalam eva yayācire

38. viśām pate kecit tṛṣṇāparigatāḥ alpasattvāḥ
saṃkhye bhūmau nipatitāḥ jalam eva yayācire

38. O King, some, overwhelmed by thirst and lacking vitality, fell on the ground in battle and begged only for water.

Words meanings summery:

• तृष्णापरिगताः (tṛṣṇāparigatāḥ) - overcome by thirst, afflicted by thirst

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

• अल्पसत्त्वाः (alpasattvāḥ) - those of little strength, weak-minded, of small vitality

• विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

• पते (pate) - O King (O lord, O master)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• निपतिताः (nipatitāḥ) - fallen down, prostrated

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• ययाचिरे (yayācire) - they begged, they requested

Words meanings and morphology

तृष्णापरिगताः (tṛṣṇāparigatāḥ) - overcome by thirst, afflicted by thirst

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tṛṣṇāparigata

tṛṣṇāparigata - overcome by thirst, afflicted by thirst

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tṛṣṇā+parigata)

• tṛṣṇā – thirst, desire, craving
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tṛṣ (class 4)
• parigata – gone around, surrounded, overcome, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √gam (to go) with prefix pari-
  Prefix: pari
  Root: gam (class 1)

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kid

kid - some, certain

अल्पसत्त्वाः (alpasattvāḥ) - those of little strength, weak-minded, of small vitality

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpasattva

alpasattva - of little strength, weak-minded, of small vitality

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+sattva)

• alpa – small, little, few
  adjective
• sattva – existence, being, essence, nature, strength, vitality, courage
  noun (neuter)
  from √as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the 'some' (kecit) people.

विशाम् (viśām) - of people, of subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

Note: Used in vocative compound 'viśām pate'

पते (pate) - O King (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, protector, ruler

Note: Used in vocative compound 'viśām pate'

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

निपतिताः (nipatitāḥ) - fallen down, prostrated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nipatita

nipatita - fallen down, prostrated

Past Passive Participle

from √pat (to fall) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the 'some' (kecit) people.

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, war, conflict

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Object of 'yayācire'

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

ययाचिरे (yayācire) - they begged, they requested

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of yāc

Perfect Middle

Reduplicated perfect form

Root: yāc (class 1)