महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-44, verse-22

अश्वैरग्र्यजवैः केचिदाप्लुत्य महतो रथान् ।
शिरांस्याददिरे वीरा रथिनामश्वसादिनः ॥२२॥

22. aśvairagryajavaiḥ kecidāplutya mahato rathān ,
śirāṁsyādadire vīrā rathināmaśvasādinaḥ.

22. aśvaiḥ agryajavaiḥ kecit āplutya mahataḥ rathān
śirāṃsi ādadire vīrāḥ rathinām aśvasādinaḥ

22. kecit vīrāḥ aśvasādinaḥ agryajavaiḥ aśvaiḥ
mahataḥ rathān āplutya rathinām śirāṃsi ādadire

22. Some heroic horse-riders, leaping from their exceedingly swift horses onto the great chariots, took the heads of the charioteers.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

• अग्र्यजवैः (agryajavaiḥ) - by those of excellent speed, by the swiftest

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

• आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having leaped upon, having attacked, having assailed

• महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, mighty

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

• आददिरे (ādadire) - they took, they seized

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• अश्वसादिनः (aśvasādinaḥ) - horse-riders, cavalrymen

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

अग्र्यजवैः (agryajavaiḥ) - by those of excellent speed, by the swiftest

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of agryajava

agryajava - of excellent speed, exceedingly swift

Compound type : tatpurusha (agrya+java)

• agrya – first, foremost, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
• java – speed, swiftness, velocity, quickness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'aśvaiḥ'

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of keci

keci - some, certain

आप्लुत्य (āplutya) - having leaped upon, having attacked, having assailed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root PLU with prefix Ā, forming an absolutive (gerund).

Prefix: ā

Root: plu (class 1)

महतः (mahataḥ) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

Note: Agrees with 'rathān'

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of śiras

śiras - head, top, peak, summit

आददिरे (ādadire) - they took, they seized

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of ā-dā

perfect tense, middle voice

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice from root DĀ with prefix Ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valorous, warrior

Note: Acts as an adjective for 'aśvasādinaḥ' or a noun referring to the horse-riders

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

अश्वसादिनः (aśvasādinaḥ) - horse-riders, cavalrymen

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśvasādin

aśvasādin - horse-rider, cavalryman

Compound type : tatpurusha (aśva+sādin)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sādin – rider, one who sits upon
  noun (masculine)
  From root SAD (to sit).
  Root: sad (class 1)