महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-109, verse-48

रथैरनेकसाहस्रैः परिवव्रे समन्ततः ।
ततः प्रववृते युद्धमर्जुनस्य परैः सह ॥४८॥

48. rathairanekasāhasraiḥ parivavre samantataḥ ,
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhamarjunasya paraiḥ saha.

48. rathaiḥ anekasāhasraiḥ parivavre samantataḥ
tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ arjunasya paraiḥ saha

48. (saḥ) anekasāhasraiḥ rathaiḥ samantataḥ parivavre
tataḥ arjunasya paraiḥ saha yuddhaṃ pravavṛte

48. He was surrounded from all sides by many thousands of chariots. Then, a battle began between Arjuna and his enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

• अनेकसाहस्रैः (anekasāhasraiḥ) - Qualifies the chariots. (by many thousands, with countless thousands)

• परिवव्रे (parivavre) - Refers to Suśarman (the implied subject from the previous verse). (was surrounded, was encompassed)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, occurred, turned forward

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

• सह (saha) - with, together with

Words meanings and morphology

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

अनेकसाहस्रैः (anekasāhasraiḥ) - Qualifies the chariots. (by many thousands, with countless thousands)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anekasāhasra

anekasāhasra - many thousands, countless thousands

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (aneka+sāhasra)

• aneka – many, various, not one
  adjective (masculine)
• sāhasra – thousand, consisting of a thousand
  adjective (masculine)

परिवव्रे (parivavre) - Refers to Suśarman (the implied subject from the previous verse). (was surrounded, was encompassed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of parivṛ

perfect

3rd person singular, perfect tense, middle voice. Formed from root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'samanta' (all-around) with the suffix '-tas'.

Note: Adverb.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' (that) with the suffix '-tas'.

Note: Adverb indicating sequence.

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - began, occurred, turned forward

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of pravṛt

perfect

3rd person singular, perfect tense, middle voice. Formed from root vṛt (to turn, exist) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Derived from the verb root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name)

परैः (paraiḥ) - by enemies, with enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, supreme, enemy, stranger

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)