महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-109, verse-11

अथान्यद्धनुरादाय गौतमो रथिनां वरः ।
भीमं विव्याध संरब्धो दशभिर्निशितैः शरैः ॥११॥

11. athānyaddhanurādāya gautamo rathināṁ varaḥ ,
bhīmaṁ vivyādha saṁrabdho daśabhirniśitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

11. atha anyat dhanuḥ ādāya gautamaḥ rathinām varaḥ
bhīmam vivyādha saṃrabdhaḥ daśabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ

11. atha rathinām varaḥ gautamaḥ saṃrabdhaḥ anyat dhanuḥ
ādāya bhīmam daśabhiḥ niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ vivyādha

11. Then Gautama, the best of charioteers, enraged, took another bow and pierced Bhīma with ten sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama (Kṛpācārya)

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

• भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged, excited, furious

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten, with ten

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(pronoun/adjective)

Note: As it functions here as an adjective to an object, accusative is implied.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

Formed from root √dā (to give, take) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - Gautama (Kṛpācārya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (name of a sage, here referring to Kṛpācārya)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

वरः (varaḥ) - best, excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choicest; boon, husband

Root: vṛ (class 9)

भीमम् (bhīmam) - Bhima

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; Bhima (name of a Pandava)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root √vyadh (to pierce), 3rd singular perfect active.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

संरब्धः (saṁrabdhaḥ) - enraged, excited, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃrabdha

saṁrabdha - enraged, excited, furious, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √rabh (to seize) with prefix sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: rabh (class 1)

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - by ten, with ten

(numeral adjective)

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - by sharp, by whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √śo (to sharpen) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo

Note: Also agrees with neuter plural if śara was neuter, but śara is masculine.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 1)