महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-109, verse-45

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा सुशर्माणमचोदयत् ।
अर्जुनस्य वधार्थाय भीमसेनस्य चोभयोः ॥४५॥

45. tato duryodhano rājā suśarmāṇamacodayat ,
arjunasya vadhārthāya bhīmasenasya cobhayoḥ.

45. tataḥ duryodhanaḥ rājā suśarmāṇam acodayat
arjunasya vadhārthāya bhīmasenasya ca ubhayoḥ

45. tataḥ rājā duryodhanaḥ suśarmāṇam arjunasya
ca bhīmasenasya ubhayoḥ vadhārthāya acodayat

45. Thereupon, King Duryodhana commanded Susharman for the purpose of killing both Arjuna and Bhimasena.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सुशर्माणम् (suśarmāṇam) - Susharman

• अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he commanded (he urged, he incited, he commanded)

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• वधार्थाय (vadhārthāya) - for the purpose of killing/slaying

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhimasena (Bhima)

• च (ca) - and

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

ablative of tad

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a character in the Mahabharata), difficult to fight

from dur-yudh (to fight with difficulty)

Root: yudh (class 4)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

सुशर्माणम् (suśarmāṇam) - Susharman

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suśarman

suśarman - Susharman (a king of Trigarta, an ally of the Kauravas)

अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he commanded (he urged, he incited, he commanded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect Active (causative)

3rd person singular, from causative of cud

Root: cud (class 1)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (a character in the Mahabharata)

वधार्थाय (vadhārthāya) - for the purpose of killing/slaying

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vadhārtha

vadhārtha - purpose of killing, for killing

from vadha (killing) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vadha+artha)

• vadha – killing, slaughter
  noun (masculine)
  from root han
  Root: han (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhimasena (Bhima)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (Bhima, a character in the Mahabharata), one whose army is formidable

from Bhīma (terrible) + senā (army)

Compound type : karmadharaya (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable, Bhima
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: bhī
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
  Root: si (class 5)

Note: Another name for Bhima.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Arjuna and Bhimasena.

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Refers to Arjuna and Bhimasena.