महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-10, verse-46

अराजकं जगत्सर्वमभिभूतमुपद्रवैः ।
ततो भीताभवन्देवाः को नो राजा भवेदिति ॥४६॥

46. arājakaṁ jagatsarvamabhibhūtamupadravaiḥ ,
tato bhītābhavandevāḥ ko no rājā bhavediti.

46. arājakam jagat sarvam abhibhūtam upadravaiḥ tataḥ
bhītāḥ abhavan devāḥ kaḥ naḥ rājā bhavet iti

46. The entire world became kingless, overwhelmed by calamities. Then, the devas became frightened, thinking, 'Who among us shall be our king?'

Words meanings summery:

• अराजकम् (arājakam) - kingless (kingless, without a ruler, anarchic)

• जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, what moves)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (all, entire, whole)

• अभिभूतम् (abhibhūtam) - overwhelmed (overwhelmed, overcome, afflicted)

• उपद्रवैः (upadravaiḥ) - by calamities (by calamities, by troubles, by misfortunes)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore)

• भीताः (bhītāḥ) - frightened (frightened, afraid)

• अभवन् (abhavan) - became (they were, became)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the devas (gods, deities)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which)

• नः (naḥ) - our (to us, our, for us)

• राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - shall be (may be, should be, would be)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marker for direct speech or conclusion)

Words meanings and morphology

अराजकम् (arājakam) - kingless (kingless, without a ruler, anarchic)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arājaka

arājaka - kingless, anarchic, without a ruler

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+rājan)

• a – not, without
  indeclinable
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective for jagat.

जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, what moves)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, all that moves

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √gam (to go, move)

Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Used as a noun here.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - the entire (all, entire, whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Adjective for jagat.

अभिभूतम् (abhibhūtam) - overwhelmed (overwhelmed, overcome, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhibhūta

abhibhūta - overwhelmed, conquered, afflicted, subdued

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhū (to be, become) with upasarga abhi-

Prefix: abhi

Root: √bhū (class 1)

Note: Adjective for jagat.

उपद्रवैः (upadravaiḥ) - by calamities (by calamities, by troubles, by misfortunes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of upadrava

upadrava - calamity, misfortune, trouble, disturbance

Derived from root √dru (to run) with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: √dru (class 1)

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

भीताः (bhītāḥ) - frightened (frightened, afraid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, afraid

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhī (to fear)

Root: √bhī (class 3)

Note: Adjective for devāḥ.

अभवन् (abhavan) - became (they were, became)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Root: √bhū (class 1)

देवाः (devāḥ) - the devas (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

नः (naḥ) - our (to us, our, for us)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Also dative plural. Contextual meaning suggests genitive 'our'.

राजा (rājā) - king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

भवेत् (bhavet) - shall be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of √bhū

Root: √bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marker for direct speech or conclusion)

(indeclinable)