महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-10, verse-31

बाढमित्येव ऋषयस्तमूचुर्भरतर्षभ ।
एवं कृते तु संधाने वृत्रः प्रमुदितोऽभवत् ॥३१॥

31. bāḍhamityeva ṛṣayastamūcurbharatarṣabha ,
evaṁ kṛte tu saṁdhāne vṛtraḥ pramudito'bhavat.

31. bāḍham iti eva ṛṣayaḥ tam ūcuḥ bharata-ṛṣabha |
evam kṛte tu sandhāne vṛtraḥ pramuditaḥ abhavat

31. The sages (ṛṣi) replied to him, 'So be it!' (bāḍham), O bull of the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha). And when the pact (sandhi) was thus made, Vṛtra became greatly delighted.

Words meanings summery:

• बाढम् (bāḍham) - 'So be it!' (as an agreement) (yes, indeed, truly, alright, so be it)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so, indicating direct speech or enumeration)

• एव (eva) - emphatic, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers)

• तम् (tam) - him (Vṛtra) (him, that)

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they replied (they said, they spoke, they told)

• भरत-ऋषभ (bharata-ṛṣabha) - O bull of the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha) (an address to a king/hero in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

• कृते (kṛte) - when made, upon completion (when done, when made, when accomplished)

• तु (tu) - and, indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

• सन्धाने (sandhāne) - when the pact (sandhi) was made (in the union, in the pact, when the pact was made)

• वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vṛtra (Vṛtra (name of an Asura))

• प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - greatly delighted (delighted, greatly pleased, joyful)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

Words meanings and morphology

बाढम् (bāḍham) - 'So be it!' (as an agreement) (yes, indeed, truly, alright, so be it)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as direct speech.

इति (iti) - marks the end of direct speech (thus, so, indicating direct speech or enumeration)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphatic, indeed (only, just, indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the sages (ṛṣi) (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic hymn composer

Note: Subject of 'ūcuḥ'.

तम् (tam) - him (Vṛtra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

masculine accusative singular

Note: Object of 'ūcuḥ'.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they replied (they said, they spoke, they told)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect indicative (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative (root reduplication)

3rd person plural, parasmaipada. Irregular perfect form from 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

भरत-ऋषभ (bharata-ṛṣabha) - O bull of the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha) (an address to a king/hero in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas, O bull of Bharatas)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharata-ṛṣabha

bharata-ṛṣabha - chief of Bharatas, bull of Bharatas (an epithet for a great warrior or king in the Bharata lineage)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, eminent
  noun (masculine)

Note: This is a vocative address to a narrator or listener, a common trope in epic poetry.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kṛte'.

कृते (kṛte) - when made, upon completion (when done, when made, when accomplished)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make) + suffix '-ta'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'sandhāne'.

तु (tu) - and, indeed (but, on the other hand, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

सन्धाने (sandhāne) - when the pact (sandhi) was made (in the union, in the pact, when the pact was made)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sandhāna

sandhāna - union, conjunction, making peace, establishing, setting

From 'sam' (together) + root 'dhā' (to place) + suffix '-ana'.

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'kṛte'.

वृत्रः (vṛtraḥ) - Vṛtra (Vṛtra (name of an Asura))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (name of a Vedic demon, adversary of Indra), coverer, obstructor

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

प्रमुदितः (pramuditaḥ) - greatly delighted (delighted, greatly pleased, joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramudita

pramudita - delighted, greatly pleased, joyful, glad

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' (forth, greatly) + root 'mud' (to rejoice) + suffix '-ita'.

Prefix: pra

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'Vṛtraḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect indicative (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active Indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Formed with augment 'a-'.

Root: bhū (class 1)