महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-10, verse-40

ततो देवाः सगन्धर्वा यक्षराक्षसपन्नगाः ।
ऋषयश्च महेन्द्रं तमस्तुवन्विविधैः स्तवैः ॥४०॥

40. tato devāḥ sagandharvā yakṣarākṣasapannagāḥ ,
ṛṣayaśca mahendraṁ tamastuvanvividhaiḥ stavaiḥ.

40. tataḥ devāḥ sa-gandharvāḥ yakṣa-rākṣasa-pannagāḥ
ṛṣayaḥ ca mahendram tam astuvan vividhaiḥ stavaiḥ

40. Then, the gods, along with the gandharvas, yakshas, rakshasas, and pannagas, and also the sages, praised that Mahendra with various hymns.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, indicating sequence (then, thereafter, thence, from that)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the celestial beings (gods, deities)

• स-गन्धर्वाः (sa-gandharvāḥ) - along with the celestial musicians known as gandharvas (with gandharvas, accompanied by gandharvas)

• यक्ष-राक्षस-पन्नगाः (yakṣa-rākṣasa-pannagāḥ) - the celestial beings known as yakshas, rakshasas (demons), and pannagas (serpents) (yakshas, rakshasas, and pannagas)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the revered Vedic sages (sages, seers)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• महेन्द्रम् (mahendram) - to Indra, who is called Mahendra (the great Indra) (Mahendra (the great Indra))

• तम् (tam) - that (referring to Mahendra) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• अस्तुवन् (astuvan) - they (the aforementioned beings) praised (they praised)

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with diverse kinds of (with various, with diverse)

• स्तवैः (stavaiḥ) - with various hymns (of praise) (with praises, with hymns)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, indicating sequence (then, thereafter, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas forming an adverb from pronominal base 'tad'

देवाः (devāḥ) - the celestial beings (gods, deities)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 1)

स-गन्धर्वाः (sa-gandharvāḥ) - along with the celestial musicians known as gandharvas (with gandharvas, accompanied by gandharvas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sa-gandharva

sa-gandharva - with gandharvas, accompanied by gandharvas

Compound formed with 'sa' (with) and 'gandharva'

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+gandharva)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  prefix/indeclinable
• gandharva – celestial musician, gandharva
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ

यक्ष-राक्षस-पन्नगाः (yakṣa-rākṣasa-pannagāḥ) - the celestial beings known as yakshas, rakshasas (demons), and pannagas (serpents) (yakshas, rakshasas, and pannagas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yakṣa-rākṣasa-pannaga

yakṣa-rākṣasa-pannaga - yakshas, rakshasas, and pannagas

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (yakṣa+rākṣasa+pannaga)

• yakṣa – a class of nature spirits, yaksha
  noun (masculine)
• rākṣasa – demon, rakshasa
  noun (masculine)
• pannaga – serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on its belly')
  noun (masculine)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - the revered Vedic sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

महेन्द्रम् (mahendram) - to Indra, who is called Mahendra (the great Indra) (Mahendra (the great Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahendra

mahendra - the great Indra, Mahendra (proper name)

Compound of mahā (great) + indra

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+indra)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• indra – Indra (king of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)

तम् (tam) - that (referring to Mahendra) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun agreeing with Mahendram

अस्तुवन् (astuvan) - they (the aforementioned beings) praised (they praised)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of stu

imperfect active

3rd person plural, imperfect active

Root: stu (class 2)

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - with diverse kinds of (with various, with diverse)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

Note: Agrees with stavaiḥ

स्तवैः (stavaiḥ) - with various hymns (of praise) (with praises, with hymns)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of stava

stava - praise, eulogy, hymn

Derived from root 'stu' (to praise)

Root: stu (class 2)