महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-10, verse-24

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दृढं सतां संगतं चापि नित्यं ब्रूयाच्चार्थं ह्यर्थकृच्छ्रेषु धीरः ।
महार्थवत्सत्पुरुषेण संगतं तस्मात्सन्तं न जिघांसेत धीरः ॥२४॥

24. dṛḍhaṁ satāṁ saṁgataṁ cāpi nityaṁ; brūyāccārthaṁ hyarthakṛcchreṣu dhīraḥ ,
mahārthavatsatpuruṣeṇa saṁgataṁ; tasmātsantaṁ na jighāṁseta dhīraḥ.

24. dṛḍham satām saṅgatam ca api nityam
brūyāt ca artham hi arthakṛcchreṣu
dhīraḥ | mahārthavat satpuruṣeṇa saṅgatam
tasmāt santam na jighāṃseta dhīraḥ

24. A wise person should always speak what is beneficial during times of hardship and maintain a firm association with good people. Association with a virtuous individual is greatly valuable; therefore, a wise person should not desire to harm a good person.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firm, steadfast (describing association) (firm, strong, steadfast, hard)

सताम् (satām) - of good people (of good people, of virtuous ones)

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (association, meeting, connection)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should say (one should say, one should speak, one should declare)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

अर्थम् (artham) - what is beneficial, advantage (purpose, meaning, wealth, advantage, benefit)

हि (hi) - indeed, during (indeed, surely, because, for)

अर्थकृच्छ्रेषु (arthakṛcchreṣu) - in difficulties, in times of hardship (in difficulties concerning wealth or purpose, in times of distress, in hardships)

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - a wise person (wise, steadfast, resolute, courageous)

महार्थवत् (mahārthavat) - of great value (of great meaning, very valuable, very significant)

सत्पुरुषेण (satpuruṣeṇa) - with a noble person (by a good person, by a noble individual)

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (association, meeting, connection)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

सन्तम् (santam) - a good person (a good person, a virtuous one)

न (na) - not (not, no)

जिघांसेत (jighāṁseta) - should desire to harm (one should desire to kill, one should desire to harm)

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - a wise person (wise, steadfast, resolute, courageous)

Words meanings and morphology

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - firm, steadfast (describing association) (firm, strong, steadfast, hard)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, steadfast, hard, solid

Past Passive Participle

From root √dṛh (to be firm, strong) + kta suffix.

Root: dṛh (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to modify the action of maintaining association.

सताम् (satām) - of good people (of good people, of virtuous ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, noble, real

Present Active Participle

From root √as (to be) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to virtuous people, indicating possession or relationship with 'association'.

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (association, meeting, connection)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṅgata

saṅgata - joined, met, accompanied, association, meeting

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam- + root √gam (to go) + kta suffix. Can function as a noun.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied verb of maintaining/performing.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nitya

nitya - constant, perpetual, eternal, always

Note: Used adverbially.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should say (one should say, one should speak, one should declare)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of brū

optative mood

From root √brū (to speak, usually 2nd class, but can also be from √vac, 2nd class).

Root: brū (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अर्थम् (artham) - what is beneficial, advantage (purpose, meaning, wealth, advantage, benefit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, advantage, thing, object

Note: Object of 'should say'.

हि (hi) - indeed, during (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

अर्थकृच्छ्रेषु (arthakṛcchreṣu) - in difficulties, in times of hardship (in difficulties concerning wealth or purpose, in times of distress, in hardships)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of arthakṛcchra

arthakṛcchra - difficulty, distress, financial trouble, hardship, misfortune

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (artha+kṛcchra)

artha – purpose, wealth, meaning, thing, object
noun (masculine)
kṛcchra – difficulty, trouble, hardship, distress, pain
noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the circumstances when the action takes place.

धीरः (dhīraḥ) - a wise person (wise, steadfast, resolute, courageous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, firm, brave, resolute, courageous, patient

From root √dhī (to think, perceive).

Root: dhī

Note: Subject of the verb 'brūyāt' and 'jighāṃseta'.

महार्थवत् (mahārthavat) - of great value (of great meaning, very valuable, very significant)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahārthavat

mahārthavat - significant, important, meaningful, valuable, having great purpose

From mahārtha (great purpose/meaning) + -vat (possessive suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+artha)

mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective (feminine)
artha – purpose, wealth, meaning, thing, object
noun (masculine)

सत्पुरुषेण (satpuruṣeṇa) - with a noble person (by a good person, by a noble individual)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of satpuruṣa

satpuruṣa - a good man, a virtuous person, a noble individual, an excellent man

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+puruṣa)

sat – good, virtuous, being, existing
adjective (masculine)
Present Active Participle
From root √as (to be) + śatṛ suffix.
Root: as (class 2)
puruṣa – man, person, male, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates accompaniment or agency, here meaning 'with'.

सङ्गतम् (saṅgatam) - association (association, meeting, connection)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saṅgata

saṅgata - joined, met, accompanied, association, meeting

Past Passive Participle

From prefix sam- + root √gam (to go) + kta suffix. Can function as a noun.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)