महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-10, verse-1

इन्द्र उवाच ।
सर्वं व्याप्तमिदं देवा वृत्रेण जगदव्ययम् ।
न ह्यस्य सदृशं किंचित्प्रतिघाताय यद्भवेत् ॥१॥

1. indra uvāca ,
sarvaṁ vyāptamidaṁ devā vṛtreṇa jagadavyayam ,
na hyasya sadṛśaṁ kiṁcitpratighātāya yadbhavet.

1. indraḥ uvāca sarvam vyāptam idam devāḥ vṛtreṇa jagat
avyayam na hi asya sadṛśam kiṃcit pratighātāya yat bhavet

1. Indra said: "O gods, this entire imperishable world (jagat) is completely pervaded by Vṛtra. Indeed, there is nothing comparable to him that could counteract him."

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded, filled

• इदम् (idam) - this

• देवाः (devāḥ) - O gods

• वृत्रेण (vṛtreṇa) - by Vṛtra

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, moving

• अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, immutable

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• अस्य (asya) - of him, of this

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

• प्रतिघाताय (pratighātāya) - for resistance, for counteraction, for defeat

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• भवेत् (bhavet) - it might be, it would be

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods)

Note: Subject of 'said'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Irregular perfect form of root 'vac'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'idam' and 'jagat'.

व्याप्तम् (vyāptam) - pervaded, filled

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāpta

vyāpta - pervaded, filled, occupied

Past Passive Participle

Prefix vi- + ā- + root āp 'to obtain'

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Functions as the predicate here.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to the world (jagat).

देवाः (devāḥ) - O gods

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

Note: Indra is addressing the other gods.

वृत्रेण (vṛtreṇa) - by Vṛtra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛtra

vṛtra - Vṛtra (name of an Asura)

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'vyāptam'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, moving

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present Active Participle

From root gam 'to go'

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अव्ययम् (avyayam) - imperishable, immutable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avyaya

avyaya - imperishable, immutable, inexhaustible

From a- (negative) + vyaya (expenditure, decay)

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+vyaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyaya – expenditure, decay, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + root i 'to go'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'jagat'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अस्य (asya) - of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to Vṛtra.

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - similar, like

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - like, similar, equal

From sa- (with) + dṛś (sight, appearance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+dṛśa)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• dṛśa – sight, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From root dṛś 'to see'
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kiṃcit'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, something

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiṃcit

kiṁcit - something, anything, a little

Note: Subject of the potential clause.

प्रतिघाताय (pratighātāya) - for resistance, for counteraction, for defeat

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pratighāta

pratighāta - counteraction, resistance, repulsion, defeat

Prefix prati- + root han 'to strike' (ghāta is from han)

Prefix: prati

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Indicates purpose.

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Relative pronoun for 'kiṃcit'.

भवेत् (bhavet) - it might be, it would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (Vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Expresses possibility or potential.